Tunguska (river): description

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:45

In the Far East of Russia, among its many rivers, stretching across the endless expanses rich in natural gifts, there is an amazingly clean and beautiful Tunguska River. It is the left tributary of the Amur.

It is along it that the border between the Khabarovsk Territory and the Jewish Autonomous Region passes, respectively located on the left and right banks.

General information

There is in these amazingly beautiful regions Podkamennaya Tunguska - a river representing one of the small pearls in a beautiful necklace of numerous natural attractions of Siberia.

Tungus, living for a long time in the vast territory of Eastern Siberia, in 1931 began to be called Evenks. And the fact that the Tungus lived for centuries along the banks of the Yenisei from the Arctic Ocean to the border with China is proved by the fact that there are many rivers with the name Tunguska. There are seven in total.

And there are 4 more rivers, in the name of which there are adjectives characterizing them: r. Podkamennaya Tunguska, the Upper Tunguska and two Lower Tunguska (one of themrepresents the old name of the river. hangars). There is also a natural region in the southern zone of the Central Siberian Plateau called Tunguska. Krasnoyarsk airport also bears the same name - "Podkamennaya Tunguska". The name "Tunguska" is quite popular.

River Characteristics

The length of the river is 86 kilometers, the basin area is 30.2 thousand square kilometers. The average daily water consumption is 408 m³. The banks are very swampy, and therefore the access to the river is very difficult.

Freezing here occurs from November to April.

Source and mouth of the river

Tunguska, flowing through the Lower Amur lowland, is formed by the confluence of 2 rivers: Kur and Urmi. From the sources of the Urmi River, the length of the Tunguska is 544 kilometers, and from the sources of the Kur River - 434 kilometers.

A rather extensive floodplain is formed by the river, on which there are about 2 thousand lakes, making up a total area of about 80 square meters. kilometers.

Food

The Kur and Urmi rivers bring the bulk of the water to the Tunguska. It is predominantly rain fed. Within the river catchment in winter, there is usually not much precipitation and the spring flood is negligible.

Most of the floods occur during the summer monsoons. At 37 kilometers from the mouth, the largest water consumption is 5100 m³ per day, the smallest is 7.3 m³ per day, and the average annual water consumption is 380 cubic meters. m. per day.

The Lower Tunguska River

Width r. Lower TunguskaTura village reaches 390 meters. The Kochechum River, when it flows into it, is divided into two branches with a width of 340 and 380 meters, respectively. A large island appeared between them. Just below the confluence of these two rivers, the width of the Lower Tunguska reaches 520 meters.

This river is very rich in fish. In total, about two dozen species are found here. The most numerous of them are taimen, perch, whitefish, grayling, peled, pike and roach (horse). The fish here are very large, for example, you can catch a pike weighing about 12 kilograms and a taimen - more than 10 kilograms.

Character of the river flow

Tunguska (river) is a fast, powerful and full-flowing body of water. Its sandy-gravel cliffs alternate with rocky shores. The bottom of the river is rocky, covered with coarse-grained sand and gravel. The water in it and in its tributaries is clear with a gray-greenish tint.

The thickness of the ice in January reaches one meter, and the freeze-up begins in early October. During the ice drift, which begins in May, huge blockages of ice appear on the river, in connection with which the floodplain and the territory of some villages are flooded.

The tributary of the Lower Tunguska is a river with a very interesting and cute name Eika. There are several more tributaries with no less interesting names: Nepa, Severnaya, Ilimpeya, Teteya, Uchami, Vivi and many others. others

Tura and its inhabitants

Deaf forests of the northern taiga surround the village called Tura. Roads lead to it, accessible only to vehicles with increased traffic. From other cities and regionsyou can get here only by helicopter or plane from Krasnoyarsk and some cities of the region. You can also get to the village on a motorboat and a boat from the Yenisei, rising through the water to the Lower Tunguska.

Tura is the capital of Evenkia. Tourists heading north often stop here, where the Putora Plateau, which is of interest to everyone, is located, as well as the place where the famous Tunguska meteorite fell.

Tunguska - the river, which was chosen by numerous tourists-rafters. The best period for such an extreme type of recreation here is the month of August. Moreover, all travelers are happy to go fishing along the way, which in these places is a great pleasure.

Life in the village of Tura largely depends on the nearby rivers. The Lower Tunguska is a conduit for many cargoes for residents of local coastal villages and towns. Residents of the settlements of the region also move along the river. The most popular pastime among the inhabitants of Tura is fishing and picking berries in the summer. They prepare fish both for themselves and for sale.

There are no industrial enterprises near the banks of the river, which, as a rule, discharge industrial effluents, which explains the presence of a huge amount of fish in the river, and large ones.

Economic value

Tunguska is a river navigable almost throughout its entire length. Large volumes of timber were rafted through its waters until the 1990s.

There are no road bridges across the Tunguska, but there arerailway line - "Komsomolsk-on-Amur - Volochaevka-2".

Tunguska, as noted above, is very rich in fish. In autumn, chum go to spawn in it.

Conclusion

Not only the waters of the river are rich in living creatures, but the vegetation along the banks is also no less diverse and magnificent. Along the entire length of the river, the banks were overgrown with untrodden dense forests of coniferous trees. Pine, larch, spruce and Siberian cedars grow here. You can also meet alder with birch, as well as mountain ash with bird cherry. The region is rich in a variety of delicious and he althy berries: black and red currants, lingonberries, cranberries, cloudberries and blueberries.

In conclusion, I would like to note that it is the Lower Tunguska that is called the famous Gloomy River: this is how it was named by the writer Vyacheslav Shishkov in his famous novel of the same name.