War has been known to mankind since ancient times. They have claimed millions of lives over the centuries. Military policy is a concept that arose later than the hostilities themselves. Although its principles and essence have been used since the first armed clashes. What is military policy? What is it used for, what are the mechanisms? Let's figure it out.
Historical Background
It should start with the fact that even ancient people considered military art to be a special, useful art for the community. The ability to create and use weapons made the tribe stronger. It had the opportunity to defend its own and seize foreign territories, therefore, it was more viable. Military affairs developed in different ways. Some nations honed their attack strategy, while others devised defense mechanisms. The essence remained approximately the same. The people faced the important task of protecting the lives of fellow tribesmen and the territory that allowed the community to reproduce. According to historians, the issue acquired the greatest significance with the creation of the state. This formation needed a mechanismasserting the very right to exist. Military policy came to the fore in interstate relations in the twentieth century. Some countries have taken a course towards militarization, putting the power of weapons at the forefront. At the same time, ordinary residents of these and neighboring states suffered. They had to bear on their shoulders the burdens of numerous local contacts and two world wars. With the development of technology, military policy acquires more sophisticated mechanisms for influencing "neighbors on the planet." It is no longer necessary to use weapons. The threat of putting it into action is enough.
The essence of military policy
This term hides a whole mechanism, consisting of state bodies, and sometimes private structures. Such a policy is used, as in ancient times, to protect the interests of the country and its citizens. After the Second World War, the preservation of the sovereignty and integrity of the state came to the fore in goal-setting. After all, methods of influencing countries are changing and improving. Now it is not necessary to send troops in order to achieve the destruction of the state. We all read and analyze news from Ukraine. No one attacked her, but the system of power in this country, public life are degrading at a rapid pace. It cannot be denied that this is the result of a special political game played by the world hegemon. The system of influence associated with martial arts is divided into external and internal sides. If there are threats from other powers, it is necessary to apply political instruments against them. Internal instability forces to use forresolving issues in society also military policy. That is, with its help, the state solves a number of tasks to preserve its existence.
Russian military policy
Peacefulness is the fundamental position of the Russian Federation. The policy in this area was not created anew, but was based on the system that was created in the USSR. Russia took all the best from it. At the same time, the experience of other states was studied, advanced technologies and new methods of influence were introduced. Naturally, their practices were passed through the prism of the peculiarities of the development of the Russian Federation and its interests. Military policy in Russia is handled by the president, government, and parliament. Many institutions are working in this direction. It is necessary not only to improve weapons systems, but also to monitor the changes taking place in neighboring countries. For example, the situation in the Middle East has caused concern in all previous years. The development of radicalism and terrorism posed a threat to Russia. DAISH operates not only on the ground, but also on the Internet, recruits supporters, attracts resources. And this is dangerous for the territorial integrity of neighboring countries, and those that are located far away too. People's dissatisfaction with living standards gives rise to thoughts about the injustice of the system, and this leads to the spread of radical views in the most active sections of society. It is necessary to develop methods for suppressing this wave.
Hegemonic methods
Can't talk about what it meansmilitary affairs for world politics, without affecting the activities of the United States in this direction. Everyone knows that the hegemon has the most powerful army in the world (was until recently). However, modern history does not contain data on its victorious applications. The Americans could not defeat the people of Vietnam, they showed little effectiveness in the Middle East. They built up their military power not for the practical use of weapons. It was an instrument of pressure on the "neighbors on the planet." In fact, the troops were used only against small countries in which there was no army as such. Consider the history of Grenada. The island was indeed taken over by military force. But there was not much resistance there due to the lack of elementary weapons systems comparable to the American ones. This case is a clear example of the use of military power as a means of pressure. Like, who does not obey us, the sixth fleet is sailing to that.
On the tasks of military policy
Let's return directly to our topic. Armed forces are indispensable for modern states. Not all of them are national. For example, the EU countries are under the protection of NATO. That is, not all of them have their own armies. They contain a common However, such institutions fulfill the tasks of military policy. They are:
- ensuring the integrity, inviolability of the state, society, territory;
- protecting citizens outside the country;
- creating conditions for the safety of fleets.
The tactics of solving these problems are different for countries, as in the historical past. The United States has created powerful navies forto dominate the seas. Continental countries, including the Russian Federation, pay more attention to defense.
On the objectives of military policy
It should be noted that defense power is a serious influence factor on the world stage. We have one planet, and so many means of its destruction have been created that it is possible to kill everything several times. That is why the issues of disarmament have been raised in the society for decades, and negotiations on this subject have been permanently conducted. Incidentally, they are yet another instrument of government pressure on neighbors. Everyone is trying to defend their interests. At the same time, the declared goals of military policy are taken into account. The Russian Federation declared them in this way: the creation of favorable conditions for society, the state, and citizens to develop dynamically and progressively, without worrying about military security. This principle is proclaimed by any democratic country. An army is necessary for a society to develop peacefully. On the other hand, military structures are a tangible part of it.
About connection with the economy
In the modern world it is impossible to consider military policy separately from other areas of activity of states. The processes of globalization objectively lead to the fact that all spheres of public life are intertwined. Armaments are created by developing science and industry. Enterprises pay taxes and give jobs to the inhabitants of countries. They also compete for markets. The military policy of the state is closely connected withhis economy. One has only to look at the news feeds. It constantly provides information about how manufacturers are fighting for contracts. Moreover, the sale of arms brings the country not only profit, but also political influence. In this regard, it is necessary to point out the importance of developing our own military-industrial complex. The defense policy of strong countries takes this circumstance into account. Buying weapons on the side means becoming completely dependent on the manufacturer. The leadership of the Russian Federation takes these risks into account in its policy.
Sources of military danger
This is a very broad question. It touches upon the position that Russia occupies in the modern world. The military policy of the state is aimed primarily at maintaining conflict-free relations with other countries. In addition, there are a number of problems associated with interethnic and interreligious disagreements that have arisen on the territory of Russia. All these complex issues have to be solved by political instruments. Military threats are divided into levels. The probability of using nuclear weapons is global. The threat of the use of armies by neighbors is regional. Local conflicts include conflicts between subjects of the Russian Federation on religious, inter-ethnic, inter-confessional and other grounds. Apparently, in the modern world, economic wars should also be classified as global threats. Especially when you consider that the US president does not hesitate in his speeches to express ideas about the need to put pressure on the currencies and industries of other countries.
About the new weaponRF
It should be noted that the conditions for the implementation of military policy by countries are changing rapidly. Not all partners have yet managed to respond to the famous volley of Caliber missiles from the Caspian Sea. But the meaning was clear. These new systems put an end, as experts say, to the power of the military fleets of NATO and the United States. American political scientists point out that aircraft carriers have turned from an excellent mechanism of influence into a pile of scrap metal in one moment. Their high cost in production and maintenance in no way corresponds to the lack of efficiency in the new conditions. Today, NATO generals do not hesitate to point out the critical lag behind the Russian Federation in the development of weapons.
Who is Russia threatening?
Considering questions of military policy, it is impossible not to touch on this topic. The fact is that the officials of the NATO countries now and then talk about threats from the Russian Federation. However, Russia's military policy in the system of modern international relations remains balanced, peaceful, predictable and effective. The participation of the Russian Aerospace Forces in the fight against terrorism in Syria fully proves this. But, despite the presence of video footage of attacks on militants and their bases, the cries about the threat from Western partners do not stop. Apparently, they are afraid of the demonstrated power of the Russian army. And they extrapolate their own goal-setting to it. They are afraid of what they would do themselves if they had such armed forces. RF, through the mouth of President V. V. Putina stated quite frankly and bluntly that she threatens only those who try to undermine hersecurity. There is no need to encroach on the taiga of the bear, then he will not offend anyone.
Conclusion
Issues of the implementation of military policies are complex and multidimensional. The struggle in this direction is serious. Russia needs to constantly improve the institutions responsible for security in order to be ready to repel any threats. And they are also developing thanks to our partners. New ones appear, existing ones are improved. Each needs to be worked on to find ways to eliminate them as bloodlessly and safely as possible for citizens.
