Tver is a Russian city on the banks of the Volga, the center of the region of the same name. It is located only 178 kilometers from Moscow. The population of Tver and the region is 1.3 million people. The city is an important industrial, cultural and scientific center, as well as a transport hub.
Tver population dynamics
The city originated in the 12th century. The first mention of Tver as a craft and trading settlement on the Volga River dates back to 1164. Initially, the city belonged to Novgorod, and then to the Vladimir-Suzdal principality. In the 14-15 centuries Tver was a major trade, craft and cultural center of North-Eastern Russia. In 1485 she entered the Muscovite state. In 1627, about 1,500 people lived in the city.
The flourishing of the settlement began with the advent of the road Moscow - St. Petersburg. In 1787, the population of Tver was already 15,100 people. Over the next hundred years, the population increased fivefold. By the end of the 19th century, the population of Tver reached 54 thousand people. The city suffered significant losses during the First and Second World Wars.wars. In 1950, the population was 194.3 thousand people. It doubled over the next 23 years.
By the time of the collapse of the USSR, the population of Tver already exceeded 450 thousand people. During the period of independence of the Russian Federation, this figure has significantly decreased. In 2000, 455 thousand people lived in the city, and in 2003 - only 408900. In the last five years, there has been a positive trend in the increase in the population of Tver. In 2011, 404 thousand people lived in the city, in 2016 - 416.
Key demographics
The population of the city is dominated by women. The share of men in the total number of residents of Tver is 44.3%. About 15% of the population are under the working age, 25% are older than it. Thus, most of the population is economically active.
For the first time, the administrative-territorial division of the city was approved in 1936. Changes were made to it in 1965, and then in 1976. Even then, Tver was divided into four districts. The most populated is Zavolozhsky. It is home to 144 thousand people. On the second place on this indicator the Moskovsky area. It is home to 123 thousand people. On the third - Proletarian, on the fourth - Central. Historical districts are also distinguished inside Tver. Many of them were independent settlements before they became part of the city.
A large number of young people tend to leave the city for the capital. This weakens the demographic potential of Tver. The situation is aggravated by the fact that most often the most gifted leave. HoweverRecently, the outflow has begun to be compensated by migrants who replenish the population of Tver and the region. Ukrainians, Tajiks, Azerbaijanis, Uzbeks, Armenians and Moldovans predominate among them. Migrants from Iran, Syria and India also regularly register in Tver.
Ethnic composition
The All-Russian population census, which was conducted in 2010, showed that the majority of Tver residents consider themselves Russians. About 5 thousand people are Ukrainians. Other ethnic groups are also represented. Among them are Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Belarusians, Tatars, Karelians, Uzbeks, Tajiks. The share of Chuvash, Jews, Germans, Mordovians, Georgians, Bashkirs, Kazakhs and others is insignificant. There are Azerbaijani and Armenian dynasties in Tver.
Employment of the population
In Tver, the number of labor force aged 15 to 72 in 2016 amounted to 689 thousand people. The employment rate among them is 66%. This figure has decreased by 1% over the past five years. The unemployment rate in Tver is 6%. Most of the people are employed in wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles. In 2015, 103.5 thousand residents of the city worked in this sector. Quite a lot of people are employed in the manufacturing industry. In 2015, 98.6 thousand people worked in this area. In third place in terms of the number of employees is agriculture and forestry. This sector employs 59,000 people.
About the same number of people are employed in such areas,as construction, transport and communications, social security, education, he alth care. Least of all the labor force is employed in household activities and fishing. Over the past five years, the share of workers has increased in such areas as construction, wholesale and retail trade, hotel and restaurant business, real estate transactions. Thus, a global trend is observed. The number of people employed in agriculture and industry is decreasing, while the number of people employed in the service sector is growing.
