For a long time, man has been watching nature. Often sailors noticed steady winds blowing towards the continents. Monsoon is the same wind that changes its direction twice a year. In summer, it is directed from the ocean to the mainland. It brings with it heavy rains and abundant moisture. This is truly a life-giving force that does not allow all the living diversity of land to die.
By the onset of winter, the summer monsoon gradually changes its direction, rebuilding in the opposite direction. Now, from the land, air currents rush to the sea. Such a climate is often characterized as monsoonal. It can be observed in the southern hemisphere of the planet, in the Far East and coastal areas, in South Asia, Australia, equatorial Africa, Brazil and the Middle East. The winter period in these areas is characterized by poor rainfall, drought and extremely rare rainfall. The most favorable periods for life in areas with a monsoon climate are spring and autumn. The spring monsoon is a movement of air that brings comfortable temperature and humidity during the off-season. This period is unusually picturesque. One has only to look at the monsoon (pictures below) in the Persian Gulf to feel the wholethe beauty of a natural phenomenon.
Monsoons are caused by the formation of high and low pressure zones. If we take into account that in the equatorial regions there are zones of low pressure, and in the subequatorial regions - increased, then the monsoon is a constant movement of cyclones. In addition, the formation of the monsoon wind is influenced by the temperature difference between summer and winter, as, for example, in India. In summer, heated air moves inland. And in winter, stronger winds blow from the continent towards the ocean.
But not always the monsoon is a long-awaited joy. After all, it is known that strong winds bring disaster to entire countries. Often the population of the continents suffers from floods and destructive downpours. Residents of Vietnam, Korea, Thailand often find themselves hostages to the raging elements in the summer. And in winter, a severe drought can turn into fires, outbreaks of epidemics. First of all, African countries suffer from these "charms". The local population is waiting for the onset of the summer monsoon season, as life on this mainland depends entirely on them.
After all, whole rivers dry up in winter, leaving dried-up channels behind them. With the advent of the rainy season, they fill up and life returns to these places.
This phenomenon is practically not observed in European countries. On a vast territory of land, cyclones and anticyclones replace each other, not lingering for a long time in one place. Monsoons are characteristic of coastal regions and are completely atypical for Europe. But in the Far East you cannotice their effect on the climate. From June to September, the maximum precipitation falls here. Hence it turns out that in summer it is rainy, but warm weather, and in winter it is rather dry, windy and very cold. Moreover, in the driest winter month, precipitation is 5 times less than in the rainiest summer month. This disproportion is characteristic of the monsoon climate.
