In a broad concept, impact is a process of active influence of one participant in an activity on another. In our world, nothing exists by itself. All organisms and objects interact in one way or another, influencing each other or being influenced by themselves.
Environmental factors
Science ecology considers several environmental factors, which are various conditions that affect the life of organisms. The first group is abiotic factors, including climate, topography, water quality, soil, atmospheric composition.
Biotic factors represent the interaction of living organisms with each other. Animals and plants can adapt to coexistence and even derive personal benefit from it, or, conversely, can compete with each other. As a result of their vital activity, they turn into factors influencing the environment and are able to change the conditions of existence.
The third group are anthropogenic factors. Recently, they play the most important role, as they reflect the influence of man onthe world. This includes intentional and accidental interference by people in the life of organisms and natural conditions.
Environment and organisms
Natural conditions, as a rule, act on the body in a complex. Together they represent an integral system called the environment. Each individual species of living organisms needs certain environmental conditions for existence.
An important role is played by the gas composition of the atmosphere, salinity of water and soil, temperature, precipitation and much more. At the same time, some environmental factors can enhance or reduce the effect of others. Depending on the result, four types of their interaction are distinguished: monodominance, synergy, provocation and antagonism. Let's talk about them in more detail.
Monodominant influence is the suppression of all others by one factor. Synergy is a process of positive mutual reinforcement. Antagonism, on the contrary, represents mutual oppression. For example, locusts destroy their food so actively that the subsequent shortage of food reduces their population itself. A provocative effect is a positive and negative effect on the body, in which the effect of the latter is enhanced by the influence of the former.
Anthropogenic impact on the environment
Anthropogenic impact is any human intervention in the laws of the surrounding world. A positive effect is manifested in the establishment of nature reserves and other protected natural areas. In this case, it is possible to preserve valuable landscapes, plants and saverare animal species from extinction.
Unfortunately, for the most part, man has a negative impact on the environment, and nature reserves are often an attempt to correct this. Human activity covers all existing environmental factors. One plant, for example, can pollute soil, air and water at the same time. A change in at least one such factor inevitably leads to a change in the rest.
Air pollution can change climatic conditions, the changed composition of soils or water affects the vital activity of animals and plants. The anthropogenic factor is manifested in deforestation, waste disposal, poaching, construction of dams, reservoirs. Its influence can be direct - a purposeful action on a component of nature, or indirect - an accidental consequence of a direct action. For example, soil erosion after deforestation, etc.
Human impact
The environment affects a person in the same way as other living beings. Often it is the activities of people that are reflected in negative changes in the environment. Although changes in conditions are not always associated with this. Causes can be natural disasters, cyclones, electromagnetic waves, changes in atmospheric pressure, precipitation.
An important component of a person's he alth is his mental state, which can be affected by the environment. In the modern urban world, the individual is exposed to stress every day. Everything carries a psychological load:architectural structures, color design of buildings and interiors, noise, lighting, compositional solutions. All these components affect a person no less than natural factors.
