Doping is illegal drugs that allow athletes to improve their performance in a short time. In the 19th century, stimulants given to horses before races were called doping. Some doping drugs contain powerful drugs..
Prohibited drugs
In 1928, the International Athletics Federation officially banned the use of stimulants. But the athletes simply did not notice the new rule. Methods that allow you to identify violators appeared much later. During World War II, doctors actively used the properties of amphetamines on the battlefields. After its completion, synthesized preparations began to be used by athletes. Anabolic steroids were invented in the 1950s. Danish cyclist Kurt Jensen died from an overdose of drugs at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
Fight against doping
In 1967, the IOC was forced to take action to protectathletes. This happened after another death of a cyclist. An anti-doping commission was created, which compiled a list of prohibited drugs. At the Olympics in Mexico City in 1968, a doping test was used for the first time. At the 1988 Seoul Olympics, Canadian Ben Johnson was stripped of his gold medal for the first time for doping.
Doping in the GDR
In 1997, former athlete Heidi Krieger underwent sex reassignment surgery. Now she calls herself Andreas Krieger. This name is consonant with the German word andere, which is translated into Russian as "other". Looking at the photos of Andreas Krieger before and after the operation, it is impossible to believe that this is the same person. Krieger became a victim of the secret doping program of the GDR in the 70-80s of the last century.
In those years, athletes from this country showed outstanding results in athletics, swimming and other sports. In women's sports, the GDR was considered the leading sports power. At the 1962 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, athletes from the GDR won 9 gold medals. After 8 years in Montreal - 40 gold medals. According to some estimates, 10 thousand athletes from East Germany were doping. However, none of the champions were caught on it.
Cruel system
Athletes started pumping anabolic steroids as early as adolescence. This led to irreparable consequences for their he alth. The drugs caused cancer and infertility. About 20 cases are known when a medical mistake led to an athlete's disability. trainers,those who refused the program were removed from the profession. For some athletes, pills were secretly mixed into their food.
But many athletes knew they were doping. Most often it was or alturinobol. The drug was rapidly excreted from the body. The technology of that time did not allow it to be detected during inspections. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, documents were declassified that confirmed the existence of a state doping system in the GDR. As a result of the investigation, several sports officials and doctors were convicted. The witnesses were athletes who suffered from the use of steroids. Among them was Andreas Krieger.
The story of Heidi Krieger
The story of the former German athlete, Andreas Krieger today, and then Heidi, shocks many fans. Heidi was born on July 20, 1966. She started in the shot put at the age of 14. At school, the girl was a "black sheep". Only in the sports club did she feel that she was in the right place. She received the approval of coaches and teammates. At the age of 16, the girl began to complain of an increase in temperature after exertion. After the girl got into the youth team of the GDR, a doctor began to observe her training. To her usual vitamins, the trainer added blue pills in silver foil. There was neither the name nor the composition of the drug on the packaging. The athlete trusted the mentor and began to take a "supporting agent." Gradually the dose increased to five tablets a day.
Injections have been added to the pills. Andreas thinks it was newa drug. The proportion of testosterone in it was 16 times higher than the content of male hormones in or alturinobol. The 17-year-old girl used a dose of the drug that was many times higher than the amount of steroids found in Ben Jonson's tests. Heidi easily endured training loads. Her muscle mass has increased significantly. The athlete lying down lifted a barbell weighing 150 kg. An additional incentive for Heidi was the opportunity to travel to capitalist countries. In 1986, Heidi won the European Championship and began preparing for the Olympic Games. The athlete was ready to break the world record. But she failed to perform in Seoul. Krieger retired at age 20 due to back pain.
Life after sports
Heidi's hormonal background was seriously disturbed. The girl was increasingly mistaken for a man. One day she almost got kicked out of the closet. The athlete experienced a serious depression and almost never left the house. She began to think about suicide. She was saved from death by a dog that Heidi adopted from a shelter.
Gender change changed Heidi's life. Andreas married a former swimmer who also suffered from doping. Together they raise an adopted daughter. The couple met in 2000 at a lawsuit in which the former coaches of the GDR national team were defendants. The court found them guilty of causing minor bodily harm to one hundred and forty athletes and sentenced them to a suspended sentence. Andreas received compensation from the state in the amount of 25 thousand dollars.
The biography of Andreas Krieger became the basis for severaldocumentaries. He donated his gold medal to the Doping Victims Foundation. Haida Krieger named a special prize of the anti-doping organization. Anders Krieger is currently in business. Kriegers do not attend sports competitions and do not watch them on TV as a matter of principle. Andreas Krieger believes that modern sport is still the competition of pharmacists.
