The population of Kokshetau today is 145,762 people. This is a city in Kazakhstan, which since 1999 has been officially considered the administrative center in the Akmola region. How the number of inhabitants in this settlement changed, we will tell in this article.
History of the city
The population of Kokshetau is now very large. Never before in the history of the city have so many people lived here. The city was originally founded by Mikhail Kazachinin in 1824. The founder of the city graduated from the Cossack military school in Omsk, and arrived on the territory of modern Kazakhstan to create a military fortification of Kokchetav. In the first years of its existence, Kokshetau was considered a Cossack village.
In the 19th century, the city began to develop quite rapidly. In 1824, it was officially recognized as the center of the outer district of the Omsk region. After another 30 years, the center of the Siberian Kirghiz region settled here, and since 1868 Kokshetau has become the district center of the Akmola region.
The situation changes radically after the October Revolution. When the district is establishedSoviet power, the city is included in the Omsk province. This takes place in 1919, since then it has been considered its county seat.
Kokshetau in the XX century
At the end of the Great Patriotic War, in 1944, the Kokchetav region was formed by decree of the Kazakh SSR, and the city of Kokchetav became the regional capital for quite a long time.
Kokshetau received its current name only after the collapse of the Soviet Union, when it officially left the USSR and now became part of the territory of Kazakhstan. By a resolution of the Supreme Council of the Republic in 1993, the city was given a modern, now well-known name to all of us.
Kokshetau region was decided to be abolished in 1997. After that, the city itself automatically lost the honorary status of the regional center.
In 1999, administrative changes in the structure of the North Kazakhstan and Akmola regions came into force. After that, Kokshetau became a city of regional significance, the capital of the Akmola region. The regional status returned to the settlement again.
Location of settlement
The city of Kokshetau is located on the very shore of Lake Kopan, which is located in the northern part of the Kokshetau Upland. Its foothills surround the city from the western and southern sides.
The total area of the settlement is about 400 km2. Traditionally, this includes the village administration of the Station and the Krasnoyarsk rural district. As part of the latter, two more settlements of rural subordination are distinguished- this is Kyzylzhulduz and Krasny Yar.
Population
The first data on the population of Kokshetau date back to 1897, by that time the city had existed for more than 70 years. Almost 5,000 inhabitants lived in Kokshetau then.
The following data, which can be trusted, refers already to the post-war history of the city, when it was part of the Soviet Union for several decades. In particular, the population of the city of Kokshetau in 1959 was almost 53,000 people.
Under the Soviet regime, a positive trend in the growth of the number of residents in the city was constantly observed. The population of Kokshetau increased, reaching by 1970 a figure of 80,500 people. And in 1989, more than 103,000 local residents already lived here.
In the year of the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991), the population of Kokshetau was 143,300 inhabitants.
Dynamics in recent years
After the city was deprived of the status of a regional center, the population of Kokshetau decreased, some residents decided to leave for more promising areas of Kazakhstan. So, in 1999, a little more than 123,000 inhabitants remained here.
In the 2000s, there was a positive demographic dynamics, at a slow pace, but the population of the city of Kokshetau in Kazakhstan was growing. By 2008, more than 130,000 residents had already settled here.
Such a positive trend continues to this day. How many people in the city of Kokshetau in Kazakhstan now?According to the latest data, this is 145,762 people.
As noted by the authorities of Kokshetau, recently the population of the city has been growing due to migration. The number of marriages is increasing, for example, from 2001 to 2007 it doubled, which has a positive effect on the birth rate. Thus, the natural increase in the population per year has grown from 183 people in the early 2000s to more than 1000 people today.
Until 2001, the balance of migration was always negative, but since then the situation has changed radically. In particular, the number of people leaving for Russia and countries near and far abroad has decreased.
Thus, among the main factors of population growth, there is an increase in the birth rate, which was the result of a large number of marriages, and the migration inflow from other regions of Kazakhstan is also growing. The factors of population decline include mortality and the outflow of residents to the countries of the former Soviet Union and far abroad. The last two indicators, although declining, still remain quite high - more than 8,000 people a year.
It is noteworthy that the ethnic specificity of the birth rate is especially high. Most of the babies that are born in Kokshetau are Kazakhs. High mortality among the non-Kazakh ethnic group and mass migration abroad are due to the fact that among the non-Kazakh ethnic groups there is a high proportion of the older population, and there are practically no young people here. Therefore, the birth rate among them is so low.
Changes in the city and the language environment that used to bepredominantly Russian speaking. Now it becomes bilingual. It is noteworthy that Kokshetau remains today the only regional center in Northern Kazakhstan, in which the Kazakhs make up the majority of the inhabitants. Now you know how many people there are in Kokshetau and how demographic and migration processes are formed in this city.
National composition
In 2018, the majority of Kokshetau residents are Kazakhs. There are more than 90,000 of them here, which is 57% of the total number of inhabitants. Second place in this ranking is occupied by Russians - almost 48,000 of our compatriots live here on a permanent basis. This is almost 30% of the total population.
As you can see, the national composition of the population of Kokshetau can be characterized as mixed. The influence of the Russian diaspora is quite strong and very noticeable.
Among the representatives of other nationalities, it is necessary to single out Ukrainians (almost 3% of them), more than 2% of the inhabitants are Tatars, more than 1% of Kokshetau residents are Germans, Poles, Ingush. Less than 1% of the city's residents are diasporas of Belarusians, Koreans, Azerbaijanis, Armenians, Bashkirs, Moldovans, Maris, Chechens, Udmurts and Mordovians.
Education level
If in previous years teaching in most educational institutions was conducted exclusively in Russian, then recently the situation is beginning to change. In Kokshetau, Kazakhs make up the majority of the population, so a bilingual environment is increasingly being formed and developed. Now there is usuallythe opportunity to receive education, both in Russian and in Kazakh.
The largest higher education institution in the city is Kokshetau State University, which bears the name of Shokan Ualikhanov. This is a famous historian, scientist, ethnographer and traveler who lived in the 19th century. The university was founded in 1996 as a result of the merger of the pedagogical and agricultural institutes, and a branch of the Karaganda Polytechnic Institute also joined them.
Those who want to get higher education in Kokshetau can also apply to the Humanitarian and Technical Academy (as the former Institute of Management and Economics is now called), as well as to the Kokshe Academy (this is the former Kokshetau University) and Abai Myrzakhmetov University, perhaps, the youngest institution of higher education, founded in the city only in 2000.
In the middle level, against the background of a large number of secondary general education schools, a specialized boarding school stands out, which positions itself as an educational institution for gifted children. In recent years, this boarding school is officially called the Kazakh-Turkish Lyceum.
Climate
The climate in the city can be classified as sharply continental. The average annual temperature is +3 degrees, in winter it is frosty and there is little snow, and in summer it is dry and hot.
The absolute temperature maximum is recorded in July and August, when the thermometer shows above 41 degrees, the absolute minimum is in February, when frosts fall to -48 degrees in Kokshetau.
At the same timethe average temperature in summer is around 20 degrees and in winter around -15.
Economy
The economy of Kokshetau is based on large industrial enterprises. For example, Kokshetauminvody, which produces alcoholic beverages, as well as mineral water and soft drinks.
KAMAZ vehicles are assembled at KAMAZ-Engineering JSC, a gold recovery plant is operating at the Altyn Tau Kokshetau enterprise, and a large-scale project is being implemented at Enki to build a modern plant that will produce up to 50 million pieces of ceramic bricks a year.
Relatively recently (since 2015), the Bizhan workshop has been producing sausages of its own production in Kokshetau.
These companies form the backbone of the city's economy.
