Tatyana Okunevskaya is one of the most feminine and temperamental actresses in Soviet cinema. Perhaps her name is unfamiliar or unfamiliar to the younger generation, but Okunevskaya is well known to movie fans of the 30s and 40s. Films with her participation are "Pyshka", "Nights over Belgrade", "Hot Days". Most of all, Tatyana Okunevskaya is known for her novels with famous and high-ranking men of the past century, including Konstantin Simonov, Joseph Broz Tito - the Yugoslav marshal, Boris Gorbatov, with whom she lived not out of love, but because she needed financial support.
She was an indomitable woman, characterized by peremptory and iron will. And all this combined with beauty, charming femininity, preserved until the very last days, and sexuality unusual for those Soviet times.
Young years
The actress Tatyana Okunevskaya was born on March 3, 1914. She grew up in love, adoring her mother, grandmother and father, with whom the girl had especially trustingrelations. While still very young, she heard a lot from her dad - Kirill Petrovich - about the Bolsheviks, the revolution and the difficulties that she might face in life.
The first of life's trials was the expulsion of third-grader Tatyana from the 24th labor school due to the fact that her father was on the side of the White Guards during the civil war. An officer in the tsarist army, he was constantly hiding, and still managed to serve time in prison three times. Tatyana's parents were even in a fictitious divorce, so long as the family was not touched. Tanya was transferred to a school that was opposite the Stanislavsky and Nemirovich-Danchenko Theater. The head of the educational institution agreed to keep silent about the unpleasant fact in Okunevskaya's biography.
The fate of the actress was determined by chance
Tanya graduated from school at the age of 17 and immediately went to work in the People's Commissariat of Education as a courier. In parallel, in the evenings, she studied drawing courses, so desired by her parents, but unloved by her. The girl tried to become a student at the architectural institute, but was not accepted, so she attended lectures as a free listener. Tatyana Okunevskaya hoped that the teachers would appreciate her diligence and diligence and allow her to study with everyone. Maybe everything would have happened if it were not for a chance meeting that determined her whole future life.
Okunevskaya's film career began with a chance street meeting, when two men, seeing her and fascinated by her beautiful appearance, invitedact in films. Tatyana Okunevskaya, whose films the whole country would later watch, flatly refused, realizing that her father would not approve of this, but she left her address. Yes, just in case. Some time later, the girl was again offered to get acquainted with the world of cinema. At that time, the family was far from the best of times, and Tata, in order to alleviate the financial situation, agreed. So Tatyana Okunevskaya burst into the world of the film industry.
Biography, personal life of the actress
Tatyana met her first husband, student-actor Dmitry Varlamov, thanks to the cinema. As soon as the young man offered to formalize the relationship, 17-year-old Tanyusha immediately agreed, despite her father's displeasure. Unfortunately, the marriage did not work out. The husband led a wild life, skipped all the money in restaurants, not bringing it to the family, where, besides him and Tatyana, there was already a little daughter in her arms.
As a result, Tatyana took little Inga and returned home to her parents. There she was surrounded by affection and care, but she was oppressed by the lack of work.
At the peak of popularity
In 1934, Tatyana's luck turned to face: Mikhail Romm, at that time a novice film director, invited her to star in the film "Dumpling" (based on the work of the same name by Guy de Maupassant). After this film work, when Tatyana was noticed by both the directors and the audience, she starred in the film "Hot Days", where she was invited to the main role. It was this film work that became the hallmark of the actress. Her role was so temperamental, sexy and brilliant that Okunevskaya captivated and fell in love with herself.all men. Tatyana herself was surprised at her own popularity, not understanding why the audience loved her so much. The director Nikolai Okhlopkov, famous at that time, suggested that the girl try herself in the theatrical field after watching Hot Days.
Tatyana Okunevskaya, whose filmography made a huge impression on the male half of the population, subsequently admitted that she played her best roles on the theater stage. Her first work was Natasha in the play "Mother" based on Gorky's novel. Then there were such productions: Othello, Iron Stream, Innkeeper, Good Soldier Schweik, which gathered full halls of spectators who came to look at the young and charming innovation of the theatrical world. Everything was going great: both in Tatyana's career and in her family. But 1937 came…
Terrible 1937
Father was once again arrested, grandmother was taken away with him. They have not returned home. Only in the mid-1950s did Tatyana find out that close people were shot at the Vagankovsky cemetery, at a pre-prepared grave, three months after the arrest. The actress herself, who turned out to be the daughter of an "enemy of the people", was fired from the theater and removed from filming. Tatyana was faced with the acute question of how to feed herself, her mother and little Inga in such difficult times. The admirers surrounding her, who more than once offered the actress marriage, could easily solve all her material problems.
In 1938 Okunevskaya got marriedsecondarily. The successful writer Boris Gorbatov, whom she met in a cafe for journalists, became the chosen one. According to the actress, this step was forced and aimed at ridding the family of a beggarly existence. After her marriage, her acting career took off again. Okunevskaya was accepted into the troupe of the Lenin Komsomol Theater, and she again became a favorite with the audience, starred in the films "May Night" (1940) and "Alexander Parkhomenko" (1941).
Okunevskaya and Beria
Unfortunately, the charismatic actress liked Lavrenty Beria, a member of the Stalinist government. It happened at one of the night concerts that Stalin liked to arrange. From the world of cinema, Mark Bernes and Tatyana Okunevskaya, whose filmography is especially familiar to fans of films of the 30s and 40s, were the ones who entered there. One evening, the actress received a call and was informed that Iosif Vissarionovich was asking to come to a nightly concert. A car drove up behind Tatyana, in which there was an unsympathetic unfamiliar man. He introduced himself as Lavrenty Beria, said that Stalin's military council was still going on, and that for now this time would have to be waited out with him. In Beria's mansion, where they went, the table was full of food, Beria ate, drank a lot, periodically called Stalin from another room. Then he came out and said that there would be no concert. Tatyana Okunevskaya and Beria were alone. Lines from Tatiana's book: "… raped… irreparable happened… no feelings… no way out."
Before that, they tried to find her attention Leonid Lukov - a Soviet film director, Nikolai Okhlopkov - a popular actor,Nikolai Sadkovich - screenwriter and director, poet Mikhail Svetlov. Tatiana did not reciprocate them.
You are subject to arrest
In 1946, the Land of the Soviets decided to show everyone that Russian women are not only nurses and snipers, as Europe thought. Tatyana Okunevskaya traveled to 5 countries with concerts, the most successful was a trip to Yugoslavia, in which they knew "Night over Belgrade" well. Okunevskaya was invited to a reception by the leader of the country Broz Tito, he came to a meeting with black roses, on the petals of which there were still drops of dew. He honestly admitted that he would not be able to marry an actress, because marriages with foreigners are not welcome in the country, and offered to stay in Croatia, promising Tatyana to build a film studio there. Okunevskaya could have stayed, they would have hidden her. But the actress returned home. Since that time, for every production of Cyrano de Bergerac, she was sent a basket of black roses from Tito, which the Yugoslav ambassador brought to the theater. This lasted until December 1948, until they came for Tatyana. Two officers without an arrest warrant simply showed her a note: “You are under arrest. Abakumov.”
Only during one of the interrogations, the investigator hinted that Okunevskaya had previously known Abakumov, the Minister of State Security of the USSR. It turns out that in the Moscow Hotel he pestered her with kisses, and actress Tatyana Okunevskaya responded to this with a slap in the face. They remembered the actress is already at the Lubyanka.
I'm Okunevskaya! You haven't seen them yet
Okunevskaya's life motto, which helped her for many years, was the following: "I'm not like everyone else." The one called "freedom"looked like no one. Once in a cell during prison torture, the executioner shouted to her: “Someday you will break, bitch. We didn't see those." To this, the actress replied: “I am Okunevskaya. You've never met anyone like this before." Indeed, the executioners have never tortured such a strong-willed woman. Tatyana Okunevskaya was not broken. On the contrary, they made it stronger.
Okunevskaya always said what she felt and thought. For this frankness, her friends especially appreciated her, because the actress spoke exclusively the truth, not always pleasant, often unwanted and harsh, even more often dangerous, which others were afraid to speak. She never knew how to remain silent, and was a person of extremes in everything: both in work and in relationships, which, if ended, were abrupt and not always beautiful. Tatyana Kirillovna could, with clear and well-aimed expressions, “kill on the spot” at once. Those around her, after her verbal tirade, silently agreed with her, because no one could pronounce the truth aloud, except for her. Once, at one of the feasts, the actress, raising a toast, looked at the portrait of Stalin and said quite loudly: “Beat the Georgians - save Russia!” This phrase did not get away with her, influencing the subsequent arrest.
Life in the camps
Okunevskaya Tatyana Kirillovna was convicted under article 58.10 - anti-Soviet propaganda and agitation. For 13 months, the courageous actress endured the torture of investigators without succumbing to provocations even once. As a result, she was sentenced to 10 years and sent to a camp, after which there were three more. There Okunevskaya spent about 5 years, being mentally with her mother and daughter all the time, several timeswas on the verge of starvation, almost died from purulent pleurisy. And even in these conditions, Tatyana had a large number of friends, by order of the camp leadership, she held concerts for prisoners.
Here, in the camps, Tatyana met her love. His name was Alexei, and he played the accordion in the propaganda team. Tatyana Okunevskaya was looking forward to these rehearsals with great impatience. "Tatyana's Day" is a memoir in which the actress described in detail the time spent in the camps. Of these, she was released early in 1954. Alexei remained in the camp, after his release, his fate was tragic. He died of tuberculosis.
Boris Gorbatov at that time abandoned his wife, drove her daughter and mother out into the street, after that he got married. Died at 42 from a stroke.
From new page…
A new stage has begun in Tatyana's life. Mom died. Daughter got married.
Brother Levushka was alive, arrested in the late 30s. After her release, Tatyana came to the Lenkom Theater, but she was practically not given roles there, and soon she was completely fired.
From the cinema also did not work out. Two years after returning from the camps, Tatyana starred in the film "Night Patrol" directed by Vladimir Sukhobokov. She got a negative role and did not bring fame, as in subsequent film works.
The years in the camps noticeably worsened the he alth of the actress, but did not break her. A strict diet, yoga classes and numerous boyfriends, always curled at her feet, returned Tatiana to her former self.beauty and natural charm.
Despite the stormy romances that accompanied her all her life, Tatyana always dreamed of pure and bright love, which was so lacking. It ignited strongly and quickly, but it did not last long. But they could love her forever: for independence, beauty and honesty. Tatyana Okunevskaya, whose personal life was seething, always had a man in her environment who blew dust off her, looked after her, and carried suitcases. One of them was the actor Archil Gomiashvili. According to Inga's daughter, Archil Gomiashvili and Tatyana Okunevskaya even got married.
Then the actress had more than one novel; in her declining years, a man lived with her, who knew her in her youth. He was very pleasant, intelligent, he even took Okunevskaya to Paris.
Last years of life
Tatyana Okunevskaya, whose biography was rich in events that were more sad in nature, lived according to the principle "I will die, but I will not beg." According to relatives and friends, Okunevskaya never had complexes about the lack of work, did not complain and did not ask for help. If it was necessary to earn - earned! It could be Spartan conditions: off-road, rural clubs, hotels in the provinces, where concert teams traveled on broken buses. The actress could tour the country at the age of 70-80, remaining independent of anyone until the last day.
Under Okunevskaya, no one dared to pronounce the word "old age". In the company of young TatyanaKirillovna felt the same way. As if returning back to your own youth, with feasts until the morning and dancing until you drop. And few of the youth could adequately compete with her. At the same time, Tatyana Kirillovna always controlled herself. Okunevskaya was very fond of gatherings with her grandchildren, the same as her in spirit, being her continuation.
In her declining years, Tatyana Kirillovna Okunevskaya had an excellent physical shape, but even at the age of 86 she decided on plastic surgery (she did her first at 58), which became fatal for her: the actress was infected with hepatitis C, which later outgrew in cirrhosis of the liver and bone cancer. After that, Tatyana spent almost two years in bed, struggling with her illness, and hardly allowed her relatives to visit, because she did not want to be seen in such a terrible state. Okunevskaya spent the last year of her life between home and the hospital, where on her last visit she told the doctors that she had come to die. On May 15, 2002, Tatyana Kirillovna passed away. At the Vagankovsky cemetery - it was there, near the grave of her mother, that Tatyana Okunevskaya was buried. The fate of the actress, who went through a very difficult life path, was not easy. Okunevskaya completed her earthly journey at the age of 88.
