Totalitarianism - what is it? With such a device, the state forcibly regulates the life of the whole country. No right to independent thought or action.
The power of control and repression
There are no such areas of the life of the state that the authorities would not want to control. Nothing should be hidden from her gaze. If, in the democratic sense, the ruler must express the will of the people, then the totalitarian heads of state did not hesitate to produce advanced ideas according to their own understanding and impose them.
People must unconditionally obey all orders and instructions that come from above. A person is not offered a choice of ideas and worldview options, from which he can choose what will appeal to him the most. The final version of the ideology was imposed on him, which he had to accept or suffer for his beliefs, because the ideas of the state were not subject to any dispute or doubt.
Where totalitarianism was born
The first to use the term "totalitarianism" was an adherent of fascism in Italy, J. Gentile. This happened at the beginning of the 20th century. Italy is the first field where totalitarian ideology sprouted.
The successor was the Soviet Union, under the rule of Stalin. This model of government has also been popular in Germany since 1933. Each country colored totalitarian power with those features that were characteristic of this particular way of life, but there are also common features.
How to recognize totalitarianism
You can talk about such a system if you meet the following features of totalitarianism:
1. As a rule, they proclaim the official ideology. Everyone must follow the rules prescribed by her. The control is total. It looks like the police are watching prisoners or criminals. The essence of totalitarianism is to find intruders and prevent them from doing things that could damage the state.
2. Authorities can completely dictate what is allowed and what is not. Any disobedience is severely punished. Basically, the functions of the overseer are performed by the party, which establishes a monopoly on the government of the country.
3. The features of totalitarianism are that there is no such sphere of human life that would not be subjected to observation. The state is identified with society to increase control and regulation. In no form does totalitarianism give an answer, what is individual freedom, the right to self-determination.
4. Democratic freedoms are not popular here. There is very little space left for a person for their own interests, aspirations and desires.
By what signs can totalitarianism be identified
The most characteristic features of this control system are the following:
1. Democracy, totalitarianism, authoritarianism are all different regimes. In the arrangement that we are considering, freedom is not only not taken into account as a necessity for a person, but is also considered something indecent, destructive and destructive.
2. Features of totalitarianism include the presence of ideological absolutism. That is, the set of rules and ideas worked out by the ruling elite is elevated to the framework of the divine indestructible truth, an axiom that there is no way to dispute. This is something that cannot be changed. So it was and so it will be, because it is right, and it cannot be otherwise. Democracy and totalitarianism are openly hostile.
Unbreakable power
If, with freer power schemes, you can change rulers, make your own suggestions and comments, then in a situation of autocracy of a particular party, even the thought of such changes is punishable up to exile or even execution. So if someone doesn't like something, that's their problem, and it's better to keep quiet about it for your own safety.
There is a single party that knows better how people should live. It creates special structures, templates and schemes by which society must work.
Brutality of management
The concept of totalitarianism does not include a careful and caring attitude towards citizens. They organize terror, repressions and other intimidating actions are possible. characteristic cruelty. The party is omnipotent and undeniable. People -dependent and driven.
The authorities keep a power structure behind their backs, which can always help with their services to oppress citizens. Frightened people obey and obey. In fact, as a rule, most of the people hate such power, but are afraid to open their mouths and declare it.
Monopolizes the government in its favor totalitarianism. What is freedom of choice citizens of the country usually do not know. All information sources are controlled. People will not learn more than those in power would like.
Information constraint
All media serve the party and only disseminate information that should be made public. Dissent is severely punished and stopped very quickly. All that remains is to serve those in power.
Totalitarianism is a regime in which the economy is controlled centrally and is characterized by a command and administrative character. It belongs to the state, expresses policy goals, not individuals or businesses.
The country constantly lives in a state of readiness for war. If you settle in a state where totalitarianism reigns, you will hardly know what peace is. It feels like you live in a military camp, from all sides of which there are enemies. They sneak into your ranks and prepare enemy plans. Either you destroy or they destroy you.
The heads of state create such a nervous atmosphere for their citizens. At the same time, the idea of a better future is promoted, a beacon is drawn, to whose light people should go. And only the party knows how to do it. That is why she needs to completely trust and followorders, if you don't want to get lost, get off the road and be torn to pieces by the ravenous beasts that hang around full of bloodlust.
Roots of totalitarian politics
Totalitarianism can be briefly described as a fresh trend of the last century. Thanks to technological advances, mass propaganda became available. Now there is more room for coercion and suppression. In most cases, such a mixture is obtained by a combination of economic crises and related periods when industrial development is especially high and active.
Then, culture, social structures and other things that are more on the spiritual and sublime spectrum, no one really cares. On the agenda is the struggle for resources, power, the division of territories.
Human life is losing value in the eyes of the people themselves, they are ready to go over their heads and sacrifice other people's lives. In order to push the masses head-on, they need to be brainwashed, deprived of the ability to think, turned into a herd, spurred like horses, and driven to achieve their own goals.
In such deplorable conditions, a person - after all, a living, thinking and feeling being, no matter how it interferes with the party - feels bad and lost, he wants understanding and peace. He seeks protection.
Wolf in sheep's clothing
Old traditions are breaking down. Violence and vandalism reigns in the truest sense of the word. The most interesting thing is that barbarism is presented under the noble pretext of care and guardianship. After all, there is a bright future ahead, you just need to be patient.
Don't believe the party?We will have to get rid of such a person, otherwise, with his smart thoughts, he will distract the country from reaching new peaks of development.
People see in their reign good and evil, patron and tormentor. It's like a stepfather hitting a child. He seems to sometimes buy ice cream and take him to the rides, but it still doesn’t make it any easier for the fifth point. So it would be better not to drive, but leave it alone.
People want this very father protection, but as a bonus they also get a belt with a huge iron badge that beats very painfully. With the help of such discipline, social problems should be quickly solved, but in fact new ones appear.
Large crowds of people support the party, but they themselves have an answer to it, it also ties their hands at the moment when they want a little freedom. The people themselves put the idol on a pedestal, bend their backs before it, idolize and fear, love and hate. This is also based on the desire to give responsibility in one hand. But who will agree to take on great responsibilities without the opportunity to extract from it the freedom to rule and rule uncontrollably?
Visible motive
To convince people of the correctness of what is happening, they talk about theories of the general will. Thus, one class or nation must embody all the desires and ideals of mankind.
Dissent in this case distracts people from the right path and must be eradicated, because too much is at stake, it is simply impossible to allow a distraction from the main goal. Freedoms and human rights matter less and less.
Utopian ideas are blooming more and more magnificently, in which they believe, hoping that they will still be able to live to see them come true. Sometime in a happy future, a progressive society will be built. Well, now for this you need to strain a little and shed a couple of drops of blood of those who do not understand the importance of the operation and dare to interfere with its progress.
Totalitarian systems, as a rule, reign in those states where they tend to ideologies of dictatorship and communism. Mussolini - the leader of the Nazis in Italy - was the first to introduce this definition into use. It was he who proclaimed the state the main value for all citizens, increased control and repression.
Similar government schemes
There were even examples of how absolute control was combined with some freedoms and authoritarian power.
Under totalitarian democracy is meant the period when mass repressions were carried out with the Soviet Union. There was widespread surveillance, in which representatives of various segments of the population took part. The purpose of surveillance was the private lives of co-workers, people living in the neighborhood or relatives. Then the concept of "enemy of the people" was widely used, which was used to brand the guilty at frequent meetings. This was considered a relatively democratic style of government. People believed in the expediency of such actions and willingly took part in them.
As for totalitarian authoritarianism, this form of power takes place when there is no reliance on the forces of the broad masses. Ubiquitous control is already carried out by other methods,predominantly military, there are features characteristic of a dictatorship.
