Ivanovsky district is considered a brilliant model of the natural landscape of the Russian hinterland. Basically, its territories are plains, hill formations are practically absent. Ivanovo region abounds with birches, aspens, oak groves, and pine forests.
Rowan, buckthorn, hazel are presented in the form of shrubs. The forests are rich in mushrooms, medicinal herbs and, of course, a variety of wild berries. The most common animal species that have been well researched are bears, wild boars, foxes and even wolves. From the bird kingdom you can meet owls, thrushes, capercaillie and so on. In total, there are about 250 species of birds, of which twenty-two are endangered. Of the aquatic inhabitants, you can see about 46 species of fish.
Red Book of the Ivanovo region
Despite our technologically advanced age, people are still engaged in the extermination of animals for their pleasure or entertainment. Many plants are under the threat of complete extinction along with mammals, birds and insects due to extensive economic activity.human.
The Red Book was created not only for familiarization, but also for taking protective measures to preserve the remaining number of endangered plants and animals. Absolutely everything that is written in this document is protected by law on protection at the state level, respectively, the extermination of such species is prohibited.
This is an official document that contains a description of the distribution area and the state in which a certain population is located.
The Red Book of the Ivanovo Region was released on September 7, 2006. A total of 18 scientists worked on its creation. According to the number of endangered species of animals and plants in the Red Book of the Ivanovo region, 192 and 156, respectively, are noted.
How a book is compiled
To identify new species that are subject to complete destruction, scientists are conducting comprehensive studies. They study the area to establish predictions about the quantitative composition of a particular species, about how great the threat of extinction is.
For the first time, the Ivanovo region began to be studied at the end of the 19th century: scientists collected herbariums and studied various properties of plants. And today scientists create detailed descriptions, photos of animals and plants. The Red Book of the Ivanovo region allows the researcher to further compare the facts to analyze the changes. Expeditions assess the state of animal and plant populations in the region. Plus, in the animal kingdom, researchers take into account the active breeding season to understand how much the offspring is shrinking.
Animals of the Ivanovo region
The fauna of the local lands directly depends on climatic conditions, since they have a strong influence on the quantitative composition of a particular species. Here you can still find a variety of wild mammals such as brown bear, elk, wild boar.
Forests are flooded with squirrel families, and rivers with swamps contain ducks in their water space, moles and field rodents predominate in fields and meadows. Of the fish representatives, most of all are beluga and sturgeon, the inhabitants of the lake are mainly carp. Many reservoirs of the Ivanovo region were inhabited by carp, roach, minnows.
Another factor affecting the local wildlife is human activity. It changes the conditions in which animals are accustomed to eat, breed, dig holes. For example, in trout, European grayling, bumblebee, sculpin, Russian quicksand, ptarmigan, eagle, otter, Apollo moth, the living conditions have changed qualitatively, which is why their numbers have fallen throughout the region.
Even insects from the Ivanovo region are on the list. The Red Book is designed to protect the remains of the fauna, so as not to violate the law of nature by thoughtless human consumption.
Interesting rare birds
There are a lot of endangered species of birds among the animals of the Red Book of the Ivanovo region. A photo of a black stork shows us one of these representatives. His place of residence is the secluded corners of the forests, where the trunks of the trees are quite high,after all, storks like to climb higher with a nest, but not to the very top, they usually choose the middle of the crown. They hide not only from natural predators, but also from humans.
This is a very secretive species that feeds chicks for two months. Only after this period they can get out of the nest on their first hunt for fish, frogs, large representatives of insects. In winter, the black stork migrates to North Africa and the Indian expanses.
The bird got its name from its plumage - almost completely black, with a greenish or purple tint. The underside of the body is covered with white feathers. This is a very rare species, which is observed near the Lukh River, as well as in the Klyazma Reserve.
Another representative of birds in the Red Book of the Ivanovo region is the eagle owl. How to recognize him? Eagle owls have a loose gray plumage with red accents, there may be pronounced spots of orange hues on the chest. His eyes are also orange and huge in comparison to his muzzle. A distinctive feature of the head are the "ears" of feathers, they are always in an upright position. The eagle owl communicates with the help of "hooting", with an emphasis on "y".
Since the 50s, due to large-scale deforestation, the eagle owls have shifted to one area - Privolzhsky. The number is declining every year, since the place of residence of this bird is the very forests used by man for his needs.
In order to protect, there is a serious punishment for cutting down trees in their nesting places,where they live for a long time. The diet for eagle owls are hares, field rodents, black grouse and sparrows. This is a nocturnal animal, so it goes hunting at night.
Amazing snake eater
The next interesting specimen in the Red Data Book of the Ivanovo Region is the short-toed eagle. This is a very large representative of the genus of birds. It is somewhat similar to an eagle, only the belly of the serpent eagle is light with dark spots. On a light tail, there are usually five dark stripes across. The head is quite large and dark, as is the neck.
Snake eagle never settles near settlements or any manifestations of human activity, he avoids contact with people, so he lives in forests mixed with marshland and open spaces. Serpent-eater nesting sites are always home to large snake populations.
His name speaks for itself: he feeds on reptiles and brings a snake to his nestlings, the tail of which sticks out of his mouth. Thus, hunting from a hole is imitated for a baby. Most often, a pair of snake-eaters have only one egg. The nest is impossible to see from the ground. These birds make very good use of natural camouflage. It is built at the very top of the tree crown. The short-toed eagle is protected on the territory of the Klyazma reserve.
Rare species of Ivanovo mammals
Russian muskrat can be distinguished from the Red Book of the Ivanovo region. Place of residence - the waters of Klyazma. Due to the high intensity of human activities and floodswaters in this area the beast has become an endangered species. Fishing with nets, cattle grazing and, of course, bottom pollution have a very strong impact on the reduction.
Another representative of an interesting rare species is the forest dormouse. This is a small animal with fluffy hair, something like a squirrel, only even smaller. The characteristic difference between the dormouse and the squirrel is the presence of two black stripes stretching from the tip of the nose through the eyes to the ear. There are no tassels on the ears, and the eyes are much larger than those of squirrels. At the withers, the dormouse reaches 16 centimeters. The tails are often gray, with a prominent tip of a light color.
Disappearance is associated with cutting down deciduous forests, as well as forest belts with mixed tree species. The use of toxic chemicals when the leafworm and silkworm were exterminated had a great influence on the extinction of the dormouse.
Rare plants
The most diverse flora is in the meadows, although they are given only ten percent of the entire territory of the Ivanovo region. Clover, timothy and fescue are of great value. They are used as animal feed. Also, the territory of the region is rich in medicinal plants, such as valerian, sweet clover, henbane, water pepper.
But economic activity has significantly reduced the number of local flora. Endangered species are presented with photos and descriptions. Plants of the Red Book of the Ivanovo region are the almost extinct Siberian fir, common bearberry,woolly-mouthed wrestler, medicinal asparagus, and the loss of large territories with angular onions.
