The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation include different troops (missile, ground, aerospace, etc.), and together they represent an organization for organizing the defense of the country. Their main task is to repel aggression and protect the territorial integrity of the state, but recently the tasks have changed a bit.
Today, the tasks of the personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation can be divided into 4 areas:
- Deterring not only military but also political security threats.
- Implementation of military operations in non-wartime.
- Ensuring the political and economic interests of the state.
- Use of force for security.
At the lessons of life safety, the composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is studied in grades 10-11. Therefore, this information should be known to all citizens of the Russian Federation.
A bit of history
The modern composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is obliged to history. It was formed depending on the possible actsaggression against the state. The most significant stage in the history of the development of the army is the victory at the Kulikovo field (1380), near Poltava (1709) and, of course, in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
The standing army in Russia was formed under Ivan the Terrible. It was he who began to create troops with centralized control and supply. In 1862-1874, a reform was carried out with the introduction of all-class military service, the principles of leadership were also changed, and technical re-equipment was carried out. However, after the revolution in 1917, the army was gone. Instead, the Red Army was formed, and then the Armed Forces of the USSR, which were divided into 3 types: land, air force and fleet.
Today the composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation has changed a little, but the main backbone has remained the same.
Ground Forces
This species is the most numerous. It was created for the presence on land and, by and large, the ground forces are the most important element of the army. It is impossible to capture and hold territories without this kind of troops, to repel an assault landing, etc. It is for these purposes that such units were created. In turn, they are divided into the following types:
- Tank Troops.
- Motorized rifles.
- Artillery.
- Missile troops and air defense.
- Special services.
- Communications troops.
The largest personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation includes ground forces. This includes all types of military units listed above.
Tank (armored) troops. They represent the main striking force on earth and are an extremely powerful tool for solving problems of the first importance.
Motorized rifle troops are units with a large number of personnel and equipment. Their purpose is the independent conduct of hostilities over a large area, although they can act as support as part of other branches of the military.
Artillery and missile units always consist of formations, parts of tactical missiles, artillery.
Air defense - air defense forces that protect ground units and the rear from attacks from aircraft and other means of attack from the air. Special services perform highly specialized functions.
Military Space Force
Until 1997, there was an air force, but the Presidential Decree of July 16, 1997 ordered the creation of a new type of aircraft. Since that time, the composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation has changed somewhat: the Air Force and space defense units have merged. This is how the Aerospace Force was formed.
They are engaged in reconnaissance of the aerospace situation, determining the likely start of an air or missile attack and alerting military and state authorities about it. It goes without saying that the Russian Aerospace Forces are called upon, among other things, to reflectaggression from the air or from space, even if necessary, with the use of nuclear weapons.
Composition of the HQS
Modern Russian Aerospace Forces include:
- Air Force.
- Space Forces.
- Air- and missile defense troops.
- Military technical support units.
- Communication and electronic warfare troops.
- Military educational institutions.
Each branch of the military has its own range of tasks. The Air Force, for example, repel aggression in the air, hit enemy targets and troops using conventional and nuclear weapons.
Space Forces monitor objects in space and identify threats to Russia from airless space. If necessary, they can parry possible blows. The space forces are also responsible for launching spacecraft (satellites) into the Earth's orbit and their control.
Fleet
The Navy is intended to protect the state from the sea and ocean, to protect the interests of the country in maritime areas. The Navy consists of:
- Four fleets: Black Sea, B altic, Pacific and Northern.
- Caspian flotilla.
- Submarine forces, which are designed to destroy enemy boats, attack surface ships and their groups, destroy ground targets.
- Surface forces for strikes against submarines, amphibious landings, countering surface ships.
- Naval aviation fordestruction of convoys, submarine flotilla, ship groups, violation of enemy surveillance systems.
- Coastal troops tasked with defending the coast and facilities on the coast.
Missile Forces
The composition and organization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation also include missile troops, which may contain a land, air, and water component. The Rocket Forces (RVSN) are primarily intended to destroy nuclear attack weapons, as well as enemy groupings. In particular, the main targets of the strategic missile forces are enemy military bases, industrial facilities, large groups, control system, infrastructure facilities, etc.
The main and important property of the Strategic Missile Forces is the ability to accurately strike with a nuclear weapon over vast distances (ideally, anywhere in the world) and simultaneously on all important strategic targets. They are also designed to create favorable conditions for other branches of the Armed Forces. If we talk about the organization of the Strategic Missile Forces, then they consist of units that are armed with medium-range missiles and units with intercontinental missiles.
The very first unit was formed on July 15, 1946. Already in 1947, a successful first test launch of the R-1 (ballistic) guided missile was made. By 1955, there were already several units that had long-range missiles. But literally 2 years later they conducted an intercontinental test, with several stages. It is noteworthy thatshe was the first in the world. After testing an intercontinental missile, it became possible to create a new branch of the military - a strategic one. This logical step was followed, and in 1960 another branch of the Armed Forces was organized - the Strategic Missile Forces.
Long-range or strategic aviation
We have already talked about the Aerospace Forces, but we have not yet touched on such a branch of the troops as long-range aviation. It deserves a separate chapter. The structure and composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation includes strategic bombers. It is noteworthy that only two countries in the world have them - the USA and Russia. Together with intercontinental missiles and submarine missile carriers, strategic bombers are part of the nuclear triad and are primarily responsible for the security of the state.
The composition and tasks of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, in particular, long-range aviation, is to bombard important military-industrial facilities behind enemy lines, destroy its infrastructure and large concentrations of troops, military bases. These planes target power plants, factories, bridges, and entire cities.
Such aircraft are called strategic bombers because of the ability to make intercontinental flights and use nuclear weapons. Some types of aircraft can use it, but are unable to make intercontinental flights. They are called long-range bombers.
A few words about the TU-160 - "White Swan"
Speaking of long-range aviation, one cannot fail to mention the Tu-160 missile carrierwith variable wing geometry. In history, it is the largest, most powerful and heaviest supersonic aircraft. Its feature is swept wing. Among the existing strategic bombers, it has the largest takeoff weight and combat load. The pilots gave him the nickname - "White Swan".
Armament TU-160
The aircraft is capable of carrying up to 40 tons of weapons, including various types of guided missiles, free-fall bombs and nuclear weapons. The bombs of the "White Swan" bear the unspoken name of "weapons of the second stage", that is, they are intended to destroy targets that have survived after a missile strike. Its huge arsenal is capable of carrying the Tu-160 aircraft, which fully justifies its strategic status.
In total, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation include 76 such bombers. But this information is constantly changing due to the decommissioning of old aircraft and the acceptance of new aircraft.
We have described the main points regarding the appointment and composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, but in fact the armed forces are an extremely complex structure, which is understood from the inside only by specialists directly related to it.
