The second half of the 20th century is marked as the “rocket era”. Today, with their help, astronauts are delivered into orbit, space satellites are launched, and distant planets are studied. Another area of widespread use of rocket technology has become military affairs. After the invention of nuclear weapons, rockets are considered the most powerful tool of war, capable of destroying several cities and millions of people at once. Since the use of such weapons does not leave a winner, the world's largest players took advantage of this. They use rocket technology as an effective means of nuclear deterrence. Russia is considered one of the countries with a powerful nuclear arsenal. His triad is made up of the Strategic Missile Forces.
Today, several divisions of the Strategic Missile Forces are deployed on the territory of Russia, one of which is based in the city of Novosibirsk. Information about its combat composition and weapons is presented in the article.
Introduction
RVSN is one of the branches of the Armed Forces. Formed in 1959by order of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Today, the Strategic Missile Forces is a separate branch of the Russian Armed Forces and the main component of its strategic nuclear forces. Reports directly to the General Staff of the Armed Forces. In 1960, the composition of this type of troops was represented by ten missile divisions. Their bases were the western parts of the Soviet Union and the Far East. At the moment, the Strategic Missile Forces army consists of 13 missile divisions.
First Reserve Artillery Unit
According to historians, the 39th Guards Missile Division became one of the very first formations that received the Katyusha into service during the Great Patriotic War and participated in the Battle of Stalingrad. It was created in 1942 as the 1st Guards Artillery Division of the reserve. In 1960, the formation was reorganized into the 39th Missile Division of the Order of Lenin, Kutuzov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky. The unit was assigned to the 33rd Rocket Army.
About unit location
The settlement of Kalininka in the Novosibirsk region became the place for the deployment of the military unit. Since the Strategic Missile Forces were armed with second-generation solid-propellant and environmentally hazardous missiles, then, according to experts, a large distance from the city became an ideal place for the deployment of this unit (military unit 34148).
In 2008, the military reform was carried out. The location of the unit was the village of Pashino. This settlement is located near the city of Novosibirsk. 5 thousand people serve in the military unit. The command is carried out by Major General P. N. Burkov.
About the combat composition
The structure of the military unit of the Strategic Missile Forces (Novosibirsk) is represented by the following sectors:
- 6th site, which is the technical base for military unit 96777, helicopter squadron (military unit 40260) and military units 40260-B and L.
- 10th site (303rd communication center (military unit 34148-C), 1756th separate engineer-sapper battalion, (military unit 34485), military unit 34148-G and B).
- 12th site (357th missile regiment, military unit 54097).
- 13th and 21st venues. The distance between them is no more than a thousand meters. Used to deploy the 428th Guards (military unit 73727) and 382nd (military unit 44238) missile regiments.
- 22nd site. It is the 1319th mobile command post (military unit 34148).
10th site is used as the headquarters of the Strategic Missile Forces (Novosibirsk). 34148 is a training military unit. Recruits stay on it before taking the oath. The 13th and 21st are distant, since their distance from the headquarters is 40 thousand meters. Military unit 34148 has the shape of a square with an area of 120x120 km.
About purpose
The Strategic Missile Forces located in Novosibirsk, like other missile divisions, are in a state of constant combat readiness and primarily perform a protective function. In addition, the troops can deliver massive, group or single nuclear missile strikes in one or several directions at once against strategically important objects that make up the military and military-economic potential of the enemy. The armament of the Strategic Missile Forces (Novosibirsk) is represented by Russian ground-based intercontinental ballistic missiles. They can be provided for both mobile and mine-based, and the mandatory presence of nuclear warheads.
About PU Pioneer
In 1973, design work began on the creation of a solid-propellant complex with a medium-range missile. In 1976, the launcher was ready. In the documentation, it is listed as the Pioneer RSD-10 launcher.
In 1985 in Novosibirsk, the Strategic Missile Forces were equipped with 45 launchers. The complex was operated until 1991. According to the terms of the agreement on the elimination of medium and short-range missiles, signed in 1986 by Soviet and American representatives, part of the "Pioneers" was destroyed in the Chita region.
Poplar
In 1975, employees of the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering were working on the creation of a soil strategic missile system RT-2PM "Topol". Rocket testing took place in 1982. The complex was completely ready for operation in 1987. In December 1988, it was adopted by the Soviet Strategic Missile Forces. The total number of complexes at that time did not exceed 72 units. By 1993, the number of Topols had been increased to 369. According to military experts, the number of RT-2PM occupies almost 50% of all Russia's strategic nuclear weapons. The Strategic Missile Forces in Novosibirsk is considered one of the first missile divisions to receive this complex. In 1995, their number in the 39th missile division was 45 units. On the territory of the militarypart 34148, the distance between the deployed complexes varied between 20-50 thousand meters. The Topol launcher could be mounted on the MAZ-7912 seven-axle chassis. This had a positive effect on the possibility of rapid mass deployment of complexes, which ensured the survivability of the Russian Strategic Missile Forces during an enemy nuclear attack.
If in Soviet times the main emphasis was on powerful protection against silo-based complexes dispersed over a large area, then in the 90s, security was provided by mobile installations. Unlike silo-based missile systems, the enemy could not target mobile deployment sites. Military experts assumed that in the event that the enemy carried out a surprise nuclear strike, then due to the presence of mobile Topols, Russia would be able to maintain 60% of its nuclear potential and strike back.
RS-24 Yars
After the signing of the Soviet-American treaty, Topol was modernized. The work was carried out by employees of the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering. The leadership was headed by Academician Yu. S. Solomonov. As a result, in 2009, the strike group of the strategic missile forces of Russia was replenished with a new complex, which is listed as the RS-24 Yars.
A solid-propellant intercontinental ballistic missile with a mobile and silo base is provided for it. In 2012, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation decided to re-equip the minebasing missile formations in Novosibirsk and Kozelsk. Work continued throughout 2013.
About the combat capabilities of the RS-24
In October 2013, 8 Yars were delivered to Novosibirsk. RS-24, according to military experts, today is the most modern missile system. The transition to the Yarsy is gradually taking place in many divisions of the Russian Strategic Missile Forces. A missile fired from the RS-24 is capable of traveling 11,000 km and bypassing any air defense systems in the world. During the detonation of one rocket, 4 explosions occur. To date, most of the information about the performance characteristics of the RS-24 is classified. It is known that the main feature of the Yars is high mobility. The missile is equipped with a multiple reentry vehicle. The warhead itself is equipped with four nuclear warheads, with a capacity of 300 kilotons. In 2013, the media reported on the arrival in Novosibirsk of 8 mobile missile systems. Prior to this event, 200 contract officers completed a retraining course at a special training center in Arkhangelsk.
About the stages of learning
Retraining begins with the development of the theory of the structure of the missile system. At this stage, training takes place on the basis of a military unit. Further, the servicemen are sent to a special training center, the base of which was the Plesetsk cosmodrome. According to the press information service of the Ministry of Defense, retraining in missile regiments is being completed. The third stage is considered practical. It is provided for military personnel who have received permission to carry out combat duty and to managerocket launcher.
About combat duty
Three people are on duty: a driver, an operator and a commander. Their task is to bring the rocket launcher to full combat readiness and deliver it to the previously designated square. The second stage is the delivery of a nuclear strike with warheads already aimed at the target. To do this, just press a special button. Since the rocket launcher is a large piece of equipment, the military has to block the routes during its advance into the square, which causes discontent among the local civilian population.
In closing
As the specialists of the missile formation assure, the presence of nuclear warheads does not threaten Siberians at all. The detonation of the Yars is kept to a minimum. The locals understand that the RS-24 is designed for their safety and are used to spending their days around nuclear weapons.
