Wind is commonly referred to as large-scale flows of atmospheric gases moving in the same direction and, as a rule, at the same speed. In meteorology, wind types are primarily classified by direction of movement, speed, spatial scale, forces that cause them, regional affiliation and environmental impact. These air flows play a very significant role in the life of mankind, as they have served as a source of clean energy for many centuries and millennia (sailing fleet, balloons, windmills, etc.).
Types of winds also vary in duration. So, short streams lasting up to several seconds, having a high speed, are usually called gusts, and even stronger and longer ones are called squalls. Long winds may differ depending on the strength, direction, scale and some other parameters that distinguish between breeze (coastal wind), storms, storms, hurricanes, typhoons and others.
All types of winds have their own individual characteristics,by which meteorologists identify them. For example, a characteristic feature of a breeze is a change of direction twice a day. Winds are not only short-term, they can be seasonal, that is, show stability for several months. Monsoons are one of these atmospheric phenomena. And the trade winds generally have a constant and stable character.
Practically all types of winds are the most important and integral part of the planet's ecosystem, a key relief-forming factor in its geological evolution. They take an active part in the processes of soil formation, cause erosion of rocks, which significantly changes the appearance of the surface of the planet. Air currents also carry the seeds of various plants, thereby facilitating their wider distribution.
Wind, being one of the most powerful elements of our planet, has had a huge impact on all aspects of the development of human civilization. Among many peoples of the globe, winds were cult or divine characters of mythology and epic, the main inspirers of poets and writers. Even in ancient times, when too much depended on the manifestations of this element in people's lives, a wind direction indicator was invented - a weather vane, the modern version of which is called an anemometer.
Often these atmospheric phenomena predetermined historical events, expanding the range of trade relations and cultural exchange between ancient countries. They were the driving forces of various mechanisms and inexhaustible sources of energy. Air currents allowed a personto take to the skies for the first time, without them the invention of the parachute would not make sense. In terms of the strength of their influence, the winds are comparable only to the energy of the Sun and the water element.
But, like any natural phenomenon, the winds bring not only progress and development, but also destruction and death. They contribute to the spread of forest fires, the disturbances they cause in water bodies lead to the destruction of various hydraulic and other structures. Raging tornadoes and tornadoes are always accompanied not only by grandiose destruction, but also by human casu alties. Such a dangerous natural phenomenon as sandstorms is associated with the impact of this climatic effect.
But the wind is not a purely terrestrial atmospheric effect. The largest winds in the solar system, thousands of times stronger than their most destructive terrestrial counterparts, are recorded on the surface of the gas giants Saturn and Jupiter. Outer space also has its own version of this powerful and extremely destructive element - the solar wind, which is a giant and deadly stream of ionized radioactive particles. It is to him that we owe such a phantasmagoric phenomenon as the northern lights. Colliding with the earth's magnetosphere at the poles, this unusually powerful stream of solar radiation causes it to glow.
