Many military personnel who are at the initial steps of the career ladder wish to reach higher ranks. It is enough for someone to rise to the rank of major, for someone - to lieutenant colonel. And someone dreams about the general's shoulder straps. One way or another, service begins in the lower ranks and reaches the junior officers.
Ranks. Main Categories
Ship and military are two categories. It is in them that titles exist in Russia.
Ranks within the first category are awarded to:
- Navy sailors.
- Servants in the naval units of the internal armed forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
- FSB border guards working in the Coast Guard.
Ranks in the range of the second category are assigned to those who serve in such types of troops as:
- Air Force.
- Land.
- Space.
- Missile.
- Compound.
P. 5 refers to aviation, marines and naval forces operating ashore.
Ranks in guard units have the word "guard" at the beginning of their term.
Those soldiers who went toresign or are in reserve, receive appropriate definitions for their ranks. For example, a retired captain.
Employees representing medical or legal organizations receive the appropriate wording for their ranks: medical work and justice.
The initial stages of ranks in the army
The first step in army ranks is private. It originated in 1946.
But in its status it is listed above the cadets and recruits. Officer training is an exception.
People studying in military schools are cadets. During training, they receive ranks within the ranks. If they successfully complete their studies, they enter the officer rank as a lieutenant.
In ship terminology, status identical to private is sailor.
The second step after the private is a corporal. This title is awarded to senior employees and soldiers with the best results of military training. And when there are no commanders in the unit, they have the right to replace them.
The way to designate a title is one stripe on shoulder straps. His marine counterpart is the senior sailor.
About sergeants
The next level above the corporal is junior sergeant. This is a staff position. He has the right to lead a squad, tank and combat vehicle. His counterpart in the Navy is the foreman of the 2nd article.
Step up - sergeant. The year of origin of this title is 1940. Itare part of the junior command.
He can get:
- Cadets who completed their studies with one mark "excellent".
- Sergeants from the bottom step.
His analogue in the Navy is the foreman of the first article.
Followed by senior sergeant. At sea, his analogue is the chief foreman.
About the foreman
The year this title was introduced is 1935. It is awarded to senior sergeants with the best performance in the service. Moreover, they must serve in their ranks for six months - this is the minimum required period. They are elevated to the rank of foremen in those parts where it is provided.
In the Navy, his counterpart is called the chief ship foreman (until 1971 - midshipman).
The foreman directly reports to the employees in his unit. He himself reports to the company commander.
An ensign and a sergeant serving on an overtime schedule can become a foreman company.
About ensigns
The year the rank of warrant officer appeared is 1972. The duties and rights of the warrant officer bring him closer to the junior officer board.
This title is given to people who graduated from special schools (not military universities).
Ensigns have sleeve symbols of distinction and shoulder straps according to the established pattern.
An analogue of a warrant officer in the navy is midshipman.
In 1981, the rank of senior warrant officer appeared. In terms of status, it is more prestigious than usualensign, but has not yet reached the military ranks of junior officers.
His Navy identity is Chief Midshipman.
Ranks in junior officers
The range of these ranks includes:
Lieutenants. First, a person rises to the rank of junior lieutenant. Then he becomes a lieutenant. The next level is senior lieutenant. The same designations apply in the Navy
Captain. In the Navy, he corresponds to the position of lieutenant commander
The shoulder straps of junior officers are distinguished by a vertical line and small metal stars.
All lieutenants can command a platoon and be deputy company commanders.
The captain can command a company and a training platoon.
About junior lieutenant
Junior officers start from this link.
In the era of the USSR, this title was awarded to graduates of schools. During the war - those employees who successfully completed special accelerated courses.
Currently receiving it:
- Cadets of the last courses in some military universities.
- Persons who graduated from academies attached to regiments and divisions.
- Persons who studied in civilian schools and technical schools.
- Ensigns for important merit.
Points 3 and 4 are implemented extremely rarely and in a situation with a serious shortage of officers.
About Lieutenant
Among the ranks of junior officers of the Russian Federation, this is the second step. She is being claimed:
- Graduates of military schools.
- Students subject to conscription and graduated from the military department in their institutions.
- Second lieutenants, when the normalized period of service ends. At the same time, they must be positively attested.
About Senior Lieutenant
This is the third step in junior officers in Russia. The senior lieutenant has the following distinctions on his shoulder straps:
There are two asterisks on the two sides of their longitudinal line below. Above them on the longitudinal line flaunts another asterisk. The diameter of all stars is 1.4 cm. They form a triangle with equal sides. There is a button on the top of the shoulder strap.
Lieutenants are usually promoted to this rank.
Captain rank
In junior officers in the army, this is the highest rank.
His artillery counterpart is the battalion commander (battery commander).
If an engineer is included in the junior officer corps, and he rises to this rank, then he receives the position of engineer - captain.
This system also operates in the Navy.
The police also have the rank of captain. This rank corresponds to the army position - platoon commander.
About the senior team
Junior officers are looking for promotions. And this is logical. Here, both salaries and prestige are higher. This is a college of officers one rank higher. Her steps are:
1. Major. He can lead a training company and replace paragraph 2.
His counterpart in the Navy is the captain of the thirdrank.
2. Lieutenant colonel. The title is valid both in the special services and in the structures of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. It allows you to lead a battalion and replace item 3.
His counterpart in the Navy is a captain of the second rank
3. Colonel. This rank appeared in 1935. This rank allows you to command a regiment, as well as to be a substitute for a division commander.
Within the Navy, his identity is Captain First Rank.
About senior ranks
This composition is also called the general's. After all, it consists of some generals. Among them there are also their own steps:
Major General. He leads the division. He may have about 15 thousand employees in his personnel. Naval analogue of the rank - Rear Admiral
Lieutenant General. In the military structure, lieutenant is a rank below major. But in the general system, this is not the case. A person in this rank leads an army within a military district. He can also take positions in the headquarters
An analogue of the rank in the Navy - vice admiral.
Colonel General. This is the deputy chief of staff in the military district. Also, this rank allows you to be in the leading positions in the Ministry of Defense
Analogue in the Navy - admiral.
Army General. In the USSR, he was called the marshal of the troops. He leads an entire army
Naval analogue of the rank - Admiral of the Fleet.
On the shoulder straps of employees with the indicated ranks, stars with a diameter of 2.2 cm are embroidered. There are no gaps here.
Since 2013, for item 4, a star is placed on shoulder straps, the diameter of which is developed up to 4.4 cm.
It is worth mentioning the highest Russianmilitary rank - marshal. A star 4 cm in diameter flaunts on his shoulder straps. The background is rays of silvery shades. They diverge along the radius and form a pentagon. There is also the coat of arms of the country. Only the heraldic shield is missing.
Methods of obtaining titles
The algorithm for promotions is regulated by a special Regulation. An employee receives a new rank on the day when his current rank expires.
If a person is a student of a military university, then on the day when the time of service ends, he becomes a lieutenant colonel. At the same time, his former rank does not matter.
Another way to improve is through personal achievement. An employee may be awarded a rank one level higher than that required by the state. But there is a limit - major. Such merits are determined by commanders based on the level of training, moral character and special achievements in combat situations.
The standard method of promotion is seniority. It is calculated in months and years for each rank personally. This information is reflected in the following table.
Rank |
Length of service (number of months) |
| Private | 5 months |
| Junior sergeant | 1 y. |
| Sergeant | 2 y. |
| Senior Sergeant | Y3 |
| Ensign | Y3 |
| Jr. lieutenant | 2 y. |
| Lieutenant | Y3 |
| Senior Lieutenant | Y3 |
| Captain | 4 y. |
| Major | 4 y. |
| Lieutenant Colonel | 5 years. |
To get the next star, increase in rank, you need to go through another 5 years of service. Also in this matter, it is important that a person has a position that necessarily suits his new rank.
Conclusion
Of course, not all privates receive a promotion in the course of their service. After the army, many work in civilian professions. But those who are interested in rising up the military ladder tend to get into the junior officer corps. And this is already a springboard for more serious development.
