In ten years, the central ring road will function fully around the city of Moscow. The construction of the Central Ring Road was planned by a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation back in 2001, but began only in 2014.
Characteristics of the Central Ring Road
It will be five hundred and twenty-nine kilometers long and four to eight lanes wide. It will pass from Moscow at a distance of twenty-five to sixty-five kilometers. The road will be equipped with a new automatic traffic control system, meteorological observation stations, helicopter pads, fast communication facilities, recreation areas and road services. Every day, the Central Ring Road will be able to pass up to seventy - eighty thousand cars. The speed limit on the highway will be one hundred and thirty kilometers per hour.
The former governor of the Moscow region B. Gromov called the Central Ring Road almost a condition for the economic revolution for the region.
Where and how will the Central Ring Road be held? How much will the fare cost, and what will happen to the concrete? This article reveals these and other questions.
Why do we need the Central Ring Road?
This road is useful in many ways.
For Moscow, which used to distribute cargo transportation, it will serve as a way to divert some part of the heavy cargo and transit traffic. Thus, Moscow will be liberated. The Central Ring Road in the Moscow Region will take over the cargo destined for other regions. Thanks to this, traffic jams in the capital will be significantly eased.
The Moscow region will be in a more advantageous position. The Central Ring Road will unload the small concrete block completely. And in the western part - and a large concrete road, too, sections of roads between the Moscow Ring Road and the Central Ring Road. Thanks to the Central Ring Road, up to two hundred thousand new jobs will appear in the Moscow Region, which will greatly alleviate the situation for residents of the Moscow Region, who travel to Moscow every day to work.
For Russia, with the help of this project, chord roads will be formed, the future parts of the ITC - international transport corridors. The construction of the Central Ring Road will be accompanied by the reconstruction of several federal highways. And in a few years the country will be able to fully earn on transit. Indeed, at present, it receives from transit only five percent of what it could actually have. We are talking about annual revenues of up to two and a half trillion rubles. This will create hundreds of thousands of new jobs, and will also become a favorable platform for investment in oil refining and logistics.
Neighboring withThe Moscow region, the regions where the Central Ring Road will take place, will also benefit, because the speed of travel and traffic safety will increase. The movement of goods in Russia will become faster and cheaper, and the competitiveness of domestic goods will increase.
Why don't they reconstruct the small concrete block?
There are several factors of a different order regarding how the Central Ring Road will pass and why it was decided not to reconstruct the A-107 and A-108 roads, popularly called "concrete". The reasons for such decisions will be discussed later.
Social reasons for the construction of the Central Ring Road
Firstly, both roads pass through towns and cities in many sections. A small concrete road passes through Bronnitsy, Noginsk, Zvenigorod, Elektrostal and other cities. Buildings on it are located at a distance of five to thirty meters. During the reconstruction of the road, it would be necessary to build bypasses of cities or buy out the property of developers in the immediate vicinity of the road. But even if this were done, there would be a lot of dissatisfied people who live in nearby houses and would have to endure the highway next to them.
However, during the construction of the new Central Ring Road, despite the efforts of the designers in the construction of bypasses, the problem of the withdrawal of land where people live could not be avoided. Here they decided to follow the "Sochi" path and use the accelerated and simplified procedure for withdrawal for state needs. Compensation will be made at market prices.
Technical reasons
For the convenience of transit, the speed on the road should reach from one hundredthirty to one hundred and fifty kilometers per hour and have the first technical category. The latter implies serious requirements regarding longitudinal slopes, curvature, shoulder width, and so on. However, neither small nor large concrete can boast of meeting such requirements. In order for them to meet the above standard, the roads would need to be completely rebuilt.
The MMK and MBC roads (small and large concrete roads) have only the third and fourth categories, the longitudinal slopes in some places exceed forty percent. They have many intersections, junctions and offsets. Therefore, the reconstruction of these roads does not seem appropriate.
Planning and urban planning reasons for the construction of the Central Ring Road
Since the density of roads in the Moscow region is more than four times less than in European countries, it is much better to have two roads, one of which will be the usual local one, and the other will become a transit one, where you can drive at high speed. Otherwise, both local and transit vehicles would be on the same road, and local tractors would share the same road with international heavy trucks. In addition, a large number of intersections and exits from concrete roads would either have to be reconstructed or removed. That is why, for example, the reconstructed section of the road, where the Central Ring Road will be, called "Zvenigorodsky move", will be four lanes wide and have only the second technical category.
What awaits the concrete road and railroad crossings on them?
Both small andlarge concrete roads will remain free roads, which will mainly be loaded with local traffic. Instead of railway crossings, overpasses will be built. Such overpasses have almost been built in Belyye Stolby and Alabino on the A-107 road.
The construction of other overpasses has begun in Lipitino, Sharapova Okhota and Lvovsky on the same road. Next in line are railway crossings to Golitsino and Yurovo on a small concrete road and Dorohovo on a large one. Their construction is scheduled until 2020.
Funding of the Central Ring Road
Initially, the cost of the project ranged from three hundred to three hundred and fifty billion rubles. However, these figures will have to be revised in connection with the exchange rate of the ruble.
The Central Ring Road is funded from three sources:
- Subsidies from the federal budget.
- Funds of the NWF (National We alth Fund).
- Funds of concessionaires and investors.
In 2014 and 2015, Avtodor is to receive more than thirty-eight billion rubles from the National Welfare Fund, which will go to the first and fifth parts of the road. This decision was made after the conclusion of contracts with private investors. These areas are adjacent to each other. They pass along the western and southern sides of Moscow and stretch for one hundred and thirty-seven kilometers. The cost of these sites will be about forty-nine and more than forty-two billion rubles, respectively.
Most of the financing of this road will be paid by the state, twenty-five percent by Stroytransgaz, and ten to fourteen percent will be invested by privateinvestment companies.
Funds of the National Welfare Fund were planned to be invested in the construction of the road since the end of 2013. However, a year later it was decided to attract the capital of banks to finance this and other projects. Gazprombank took advantage of this and purchased Avtodor bonds with funds from the National Welfare Fund. Such a scheme is already being implemented with Russian Railways, where VTB Bank acts as the acquirer.
The question of how the third and fourth parts, the length of which is almost two hundred kilometers, and the cost is more than one hundred and fifty billion rubles, will not be fully resolved yet. So far, competitions are being held for these parts.
Plots
To find out how the Central Ring Road will pass, you can look at the map of the project. It will also be convenient to overlay this map on the Yandex map.
The entire section where the Central Ring Road will pass in the Moscow region is divided into five launch complexes or ten sections. Between the third and fifth PCs there is a section with a length of more than five kilometers, which is being built by Avtodor at its own expense. This section is not included in the launch complexes.
It is planned to build the Central Ring Road in two stages. Its scheme looks like this.
1 stage
The first phase of construction should be completed by 2018. By this time, six out of ten sections should be erected, forming a ring with a total length of three hundred and thirty-eight kilometers and thirty-five meters. The ring, where the Central Ring Road will pass, here completely duplicates the small concrete road or A-107.
2 stage
Second stagewill run from 2020 to 2025, during which the remaining four sections will be built with a length of one hundred and ninety kilometers and sixty-seven meters, in six lanes.
Infrastructure at the Central Ring Road
The width of the track will be a maximum of eight lanes. Where it will intersect with other federal and regional highways, multi-level interchanges, bridges, overpasses and overpasses will be built. A total of 34 interchanges and 278 bridges are planned to be built.
The road of such a high level will become very attractive for various investors, both logistics and production. This is confirmed by applications from investors already received by the Governor of the Moscow Region.
Thirty-two gas stations with cafes and minimarkets, thirty gas stations with cafe-restaurants, eighteen service stations and eighteen motels will be built on the territory where the Central Ring Road will take place.
Fare
The road will be paid everywhere, except for the fifth start-up complex, where it will pass along a section of small concrete or highway A-107. The fare for paid sections built at the expense of the federal budget is planned to be fixed for cars at two rubles thirty-two kopecks per kilometer. In places where private investment will be attracted, the cost may be higher.
The Central Ring Road will be free for residents of the Moscow Region.
Ecology
As the speed on the Central Ring Road will increase, the level of negative impact on the environment will also decrease. Speeding between five and ten kilometers per hour increases emissions up to ten times more than at speeds between sixty and eighty kilometers per hour.
On the way the Central Ring Road passes, it will not touch nature reserves and other specially protected areas, so a special environmental review was not appointed.
However, the project passed a public environmental review, which was attended by chief environmental scientists.
It is known that one hundredth of a percent of trees from the entire area of the Moscow region will be cut down on the territory where the Central Ring Road will pass. Instead, compensatory planting of trees and shrubs is planned.
In addition, for the first time in domestic road construction, 100% rainwater treatment, animal crossings and noise barriers in places where residential buildings are located nearby.
