Culture of Ancient Rome: its formation and development

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:43

The culture of Ancient Rome significantly influenced the development of European and world history. Back in those days, traditional values, norms of social life and socio-psychological patterns of behavior were laid down, which for thousands of years were the basis of European enlightenment. Rome was also the "founder" of democracy, separation of powers and civic responsibility, which indicates a high social level of development, which contributed to the formation of a strong and developed state.

Initially, the culture of Ancient Rome was formed under the influence of the Greek and Etruscan peoples, but later the Romans surpassed their teachers in many ways, reaching admirable heights. It all started with a religion that recognized the power of spirits and deities. Since the Roman pantheon was always open to "foreign" forces, it was believed that new deities only increase the power of the Roman inhabitants, so the mythology of Rome began to identify its gods with the Greek ones.

It was also with philosophy and literature. Initially, the Greek sages and writers "became" Roman, and their works were translated into Latin, butthen, studying the works of great philosophers and supplementing the conclusions with their own experience, many truly Roman great writers and scientists showed their abilities. This is how the culture of Ancient Rome was born.

Further development took place in all spheres of culture. In architecture, the Romans made a significant step forward. They preferred the construction of buildings that were more in line with practical needs and emphasized the power that overwhelms a person with its grandeur than temple (spiritual) complexes. As a result, they have new types of structures (amphitheater, terma and basilica) and structures (arches, domes, pillars).

The culture of Ancient Rome also briefly describes some of the achievements of Greece, because during their conquests, the Romans exported a large number of valuables and works of art from the Hellenistic states. These trophies were subsequently copied, which, unfortunately, prevented the development of their own painting and sculpture. Thus, the artistic culture of Ancient Rome was characterized by a fairly good development of only the portrait genre (statues depicting a figure in a toga, busts), which was distinguished by the simplicity and accuracy of the image.

As already mentioned, the main feature of the Romans' thinking was practicality, which contributed to the development of applied sciences. In this regard, jurisprudence reached a high level, according to which numerous literary masterpieces have come down to us. In addition, a newhousehold utensils, glass and bronze utensils, water mills, devices for space heating and water heating, and much more.

One of the reasons that the culture of Ancient Rome began to flourish was the improvement in the material and economic situation of the empire, which ensured the necessary conditions for the formation of values, gave rise to the ancient intelligentsia (poets, teachers, philosophers and other masters of art).