Folk Russian clothing is one of the most important elements of national culture

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:41

Folk Russian clothing, like the costumes of any other ethnic group, is a kind of calling card. National attire, like a passport, can tell about a person's social and territorial affiliation. A women's suit will tell you the age of its owner.

The most important part of the costume

Of course, folk Russian clothes have their own characteristic and distinctive features, their zest, but there is also something inherent in most of the costumes of the peoples inhabiting Russia.

The most striking example is a shirt, both for men and women, especially since in most cases they differ only in length - for men it reaches the knee, for women, as a rule, to the floor. There is an assumption that this is why the bottom of the shirt is called the "hem". The length of the women's shirt is adjustable with a belt. In many regions of Russia, it was corrected by a "bosom", a kind of onslaught onbelt. Clothing in the style of the Russian folk tradition, like that of other ethnic groups, provided for magical protection. Particularly great importance was attached to an undershirt - it not only warmed, but also protected a person from evil spirits. All openings of the shirt (collar, hem, sleeves) were sheathed either with a border, or galloons, or embroidery - these were amulets, they also decorated clothes, made them unique and eloquent.

Embroidery and braid are integral parts of the outfit

It has been said a lot that the national ornament is letters from the past, not fully deciphered, but telling a lot about the culture of the people. The cut of both men's and women's shirts was straight, the style was tunic-shaped (without shoulder seams), sometimes even without armholes. Folk Russian clothing had a characteristic feature - a slit collar. He was given great importance in the preservation of the soul. Maybe that's why it is shifted to the shoulder (no wonder the Russian shirt is called a kosovorotka), and the chest was richly decorated with embroidery, which serves as a talisman? It should be noted that the costume began to take shape in the XII century.

Characteristic features of a men's suit

Men's outfit is simple, comfortable and unpretentious. But thanks to him, such concepts as the background and the cover have survived to this day. The first is the inner lining of the shirt, located on the back and chest. She adjoined directly to the body, and "knew" all its secrets. Zashashnik - a secret inner pocket on the belt that supports the shirt, which was always worn loose. Pants, ports or gachas were straightcut and narrow - the contours of the legs were visible. They were always tucked into shoes (boots or onuchi), for the convenience of walking, a diamond-shaped gusset was inserted into them. The color of the shirt was predominantly white, for the holiday - bright, blue or red. It is difficult to imagine a man's outfit without a cap, and a cap without a flower. But this type of men's headdress appeared in the 19th century. And earlier, from time immemorial, men wore tufa - a small hat that was not taken off even in church. They put on hats from above, the common people made of felt.

Wonder of miracles

Folk Russian clothing is famous for the originality and beauty of women's attire. In addition to the shirt, a sundress and a poneva are a bright detail of it. A sundress is such a characteristic element of women's clothing that it can rightfully continue the famous series of Russian symbols - birch, balalaika, bear, caviar and ballet. A countless number of poems, proverbs, sayings are dedicated to the sundress. Here are Yesenin's lines that immediately come to mind - "a red ruffle on a white sundress on a hem!" Poneva ("From the waist to the feet 77 roads") - a skirt or loincloth, was more popular in the south of the country. But in the north, it could also be worn by girls who had undergone a rite of passage (initiation), indicating that she had matured.

Variety of women's toilet accessories

The next element of clothing is an apron or apron, simple on weekdays, “wonderful marvelous” on holidays. The padded jacket sung by Vasnetsov and Surikov, a short but long-sleeved jacket with fur or lining, with gatheredpleats at a seam, high waist. Zapona (one-piece girl's cape, with a cutout for the head in the center), drag (sleeveless cape), zhupan (canvas sheathed caftan) - these are the most characteristic details of the Russian women's national costume. A special place in the attire was given to the headdress - the most eloquent detail of the costume. Kichka and magpie, kokoshnik and warrior - a far from complete list of headdresses that can tell everything about the hostess. It must be noted that each province had its own details of attire, for example, a pommel or caps, you can’t count them all, but without which the costume of the people of this territory was unthinkable. And Russian shoes, especially boots and bast shoes, are worthy of a separate article.

Through the ages

Russian folk clothes (photo attached) - bright, colorful, joyful, very characteristic, is an essential element of culture and creativity. She is recognizable at first sight, because she has been familiar since childhood from dozens of paintings by famous Russian artists, from the works of Pushkin and Yesenin, from Russian folk tales.

Who is not familiar with a sundress and kokoshnik? Modern Russian folk clothes are those outfits, the integral details of which are national motifs, and the general style in which they are sustained. These elements of modern clothing come from the distant past and are becoming popular. One can recall the painted scarves, boots and sheepskin coats that came into fashion in the West after the vernissages of Russian fashion houses. And how popular are linen dresses in Russian country style! Comfortable andbeautiful, they have been loved for many years in a row.