Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831) - an outstanding German philosopher - was born in the city of Stuttgart in the family of an official. The formation of the worldview took place under the influence of the events and ideas of the Great French Revolution.
Hegel began as a successor to the philosophy of Kant and Fichte, but soon, under the influence of Schelling, he moved from the position of subjective idealism to the side of objective idealism. Hegel's philosophy was different in that he did not try to understand the essence of everything with its help. On the contrary, everything that exists was represented as pure thinking and became philosophy. Hegel's philosophy is also distinguished by the fact that he does not subordinate his worldview to an independent object (nature or God). Hegel's philosophy asserts that God is a mind that has reached its absolute perfection, and nature is a shell of dialectical reality. In the knowledge of himself, he saw the essence of philosophy. A person must analyze and be aware of his actions.
Hegel's philosophy was to study the dialectical method of cognition.
- As a method of cognition itopposed dialectic to metaphysics.
- Hegel explained the categories and laws of dialectics from the perspective of objective idealism.
- He revealed three principles of dialectics: a) negation-negation; b) unity and struggle of opposites, in which contradictions act as a source of development; c) the transition of quantity into quality.
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Hegel's Dialectical Philosophy - He singled out the main criteria of dialectics. These are quality, measure, quantity, negation, leap, compression, and others.
Hegel's dialectical philosophy is:
- In the study of dialectics and the dialectical method of cognition.
- Hegel denied objective idealism.
Hegel's method is a living process, in constant development, rationally understanding society, the world and thinking. This method is still the peak of a rational understanding of the world. The rational way of comprehending the world is a special creative act of human mental activity, which is based not on formal logic, but on substantive (dialectical) logic. It should be noted that the concept of Hegelian logic and the generally accepted concept are different.
Until the end of the nineteenth century, according to philosophy, Hegel with his views determined the movement and nature of metaphysical thought. A special place in the culture of that time was occupied by both artistic and scientific creativity of Hegel. A distinctive feature was the idea of perceiving the world through the unification of all living things at all levels of being, where nothing is incalm, but on the contrary, constantly in motion.
Hegel is a great thinker, some of his ideas have not lost their relevance even today. He had a tremendous impact on all the thinkers of Europe, and for a long time to come will serve as an example for thinking people all over the world. You can have completely different opinions about his teachings, but at the same time they always have that indefinite truth that helps us understand the meaning of life. Many modern thinkers refer to the works of Hegel and use his words and opinions. Thanks to dialectical philosophy, much in our world becomes clear and correct.
