In 2017, the independent market research agency GfK conducted an online survey in 17 countries around the world. The purpose of the study was to identify three winners in the category "Most Reading Country in the World". Russia took second place, behind only China. Based on the answers given by the respondents, the agency found that 60% of the Russian population read books at least once a week, and 35% answered that they try to read daily. In its conclusions, GfK mentioned that reading is part of the Russian mentality that has evolved over many centuries.
It's hard to believe, but the first public library appeared in the Russian Empire. On January 14, 1814, the Imperial Library opened its doors to visitors. Today in Russia there are already about 7,000 public libraries. Some of them can boast not only their fund of printed publications, but also their scale.
The largest library in Russia
What is the biggest library in Russia? The largest is the Russian State Library (RSL). In addition, it is one of the largest in the world, ranked fourth in the ranking. At the beginning of 2017, the fund of the Russian State Library consisted of 46 million printed and electronic publications. Here, continuous work is underway to digitize paper documents, which makes it possible to preserve rare publications and provide public access to them via the Internet. The electronic library of the RSL contains more than a million copies of literary works and scientific works. The library has documents written in 367 languages of the world.
Location
Where is the largest library in Russia? The Russian State Library is located in Moscow. The total area is impressive and comparable to ten football fields. The RSL is located in three buildings at once. The first and main building of the library is located in Moscow on Vozdvizhenka street, 3 bldg. 5. This building was built in the 30s of the last century. In addition to it, the library has a book depository and the Pashkov House, built in the 18th century.
History of Creation
The history of the largest library in Russia began in the 19th century with 28,000 publications that Count S. P. Rumyantsev donated on a voluntary basis to the Museum. Rumyantsev. In 1831 the museum opened to visitors. The peculiarity of the museum was the opportunity to read books in it from 10 am to 3 pm.
BIn 1845, he joined the Imperial Library and became the Imperial Public Library - the largest in Russia, where you can read books for free. To do this, the entire printed fund of the Museum. Rumyantseva is transported from St. Petersburg to Moscow.
Moving
By the time of the move, the museum to them. Rumyantsev was falling into disrepair, there were fewer visitors, the building began to deteriorate, and the Committee of Ministers decided to transfer the museum's funds to the Imperial Public Library. The largest library in Russia has found a new building on Vagankovsky Hill, better known as the Pashkov House.
The official date of the creation of the library is June 19, 1862. Then Emperor Alexander II signed the "Regulations on the creation of the library."
Filling up funds
The main patrons of the library were Count Rumyantsev and Emperor Alexander II. After two years of the museum's existence, its fund already amounted to 100,000 book editions. Gift editions remained the main source of replenishment.
The situation changed after 1913. By the 300th anniversary of the celebration of the Romanov dynasty, the museum began to receive subsidies for the independent purchase of books.
Soviet period and war years
Many from childhood are familiar with the name of the Lenin State Library of the USSR. This was the name of the largest library in Russia after the 1920s. In 1924, the Institute of Library Science was opened on its basis, the purpose of which was to teach library science.employees on the basis of two-year courses, there was a graduate school.
At the beginning of 1941, the library already had 10 million copies. Even during the difficult war years, employees continued their work. Everyone who could work continued to follow the books and collect funds. The library received 6,000 books that have survived to this day. Often books were sent to the front.
In 1945, the library was awarded the Order of Lenin.
In the years following the end of the war, the institution enters a period of dawn. The new building had to be mastered, filled with new literature, updated and replenished.
Already a year after the end of the Great Patriotic War, the library hosted an international forum. And in 1947 at the State Library of the USSR. V. I. Lenin, a conveyor for the delivery of books appeared, in the same year, the services of photographic copying of books began to be provided to readers.
In 1955, the library managed to return the subscription for foreign citizens.
By the 60s of the last century, the institution had grown and began to have as many as 22 reading rooms.
In 1983, within the walls of the largest library in Russia, an exposition of the Museum of the Book was opened on a permanent basis, where readers can get acquainted with the history of printing and see rare publications stored in the museum's funds.
Present
In 1992 the library was renamed, now it is called the Russian State Library. This name is saved inpresent day. Any citizen of the Russian Federation over the age of 14 can get a library card.
In 2017, another significant event took place for the library. Now all mandatory print publications published in Russia are received here in electronic form.
The library provides free access to an annual report on its development, anyone can read it on the official website of the RSL.
Russian National Library
The Russian National Library is located in St. Petersburg - the largest library in Russia after the Russian State Library. As of 2017, it ranks seventh in the list of the largest libraries in the world. The staff is 1300 people. In 2001, the library acquired its charter, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation.
The library is one of the oldest in Europe and the world. In 2014 the National Library of Russia celebrated its bicentenary. It is located on the corner of Sadovaya Street and Nevsky Prospekt. According to the idea of Empress Catherine II, the building was to be located in the very center of the capital.
The photo shows the largest library in Russia in the northern capital.
Egor Sokolov became the architect. The main building of the library is a whole complex of buildings that should have looked like a single structure. In addition, the library owns the buildings of Plekhanov's house, the former building of the Catherine's Institute for Noble Maidens, the building on Liteiny and Moskovsky prospects. Last thingthe building is the newest and has an unusual shape of the entrance with a colonnade.
