Crimea (Republic of Crimea) is one of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Formerly part of Ukraine. Has moderate autonomy. It is part of the Southern Federal District. The entity was formed on March 18, 2014 after the peninsula left Ukraine and became part of the Russian Federation. The capital of the republic is the city of Simferopol, located closer to the center of the peninsula, north of the Crimean mountains.
Legally, Crimea is a disputed territory due to the lack of consent to join Russia from the Ukrainian authorities and the international community. Turkey also claims the territory of the peninsula.
Crimea is one of the strongholds of the Russian armed forces. In this regard, maintaining favorable living conditions in this region is a strategically important task for Russia, and the image of the country on the world stage may depend on the situation with the standard of living in the Republic of Crimea. Therefore, it is logical to assume that salaries in Crimeain the future should be higher than in Russia as a whole.
Economy of Crimea
Crimea is an important industrial, tourist and agricultural center. Tourism is developed near the Black Sea coast, in the mountainous part of the republic. Industry is more developed in the north of the peninsula. Agriculture is developed everywhere: field farming in the plains and viticulture in the southern coastal strip. A feature of the Crimean grape industry is the emphasis on growing wine varieties, so winemaking is well developed here.
Oil reserves amount to 47 million tons (a tenth of the annual production of the Russian Federation), and gas - 165.3 billion m3. The construction of the giant Crimean Bridge played a big role in the economy of the peninsula, which improved the conditions for the delivery of goods, which could lead to lower prices for food and goods in the future.
Living standard in Crimea
The accession of Crimea to Russia dates back to the beginning of 2014, when no one even suspected the upcoming crisis and falling oil prices. The difficult transport situation and the lack of fossil resources, the blocking of the North Crimean Canal (the main water artery of the peninsula) by Ukraine have complicated the development of the regional economy.
Therefore, despite the efforts of the authorities, wages in Crimea grew more slowly than prices. So, from 2015 to 2017, average salaries increased from 22,440 rubles. to 26,313 rubles, which is much less than the price increase. The highest salaries are noted among civil servants and the military.
Calculation of the average salary in Russian regions
Averagesalaries do not always correctly reflect the situation with the income of the population. Now it has become popular to draw an analogy with the average temperature in the hospital. Perhaps it would be more correct to calculate the median salary. However, higher average wages look prettier in statistical reports, and therefore this indicator is preferred.
To calculate the average salary, they use information from large employers (it is not known how honest they are), while smaller, private organizations prefer not to report it at all, so as not to shine and elude paying taxes. Of course, in stat. reports do not include the self-employed, whose income is variable, inconsistent and not recorded by government agencies.
Who gets how much
According to official data for 2016, doctors and pharmacists with higher education are among the most common professions in Crimea. This is about 36.5 thousand rubles, and in the whole country - 46 thousand with a little. Another thousand more they have university professors. At the same time, on average in the country, they are lower than those of doctors - 44.6 thousand rubles. Junior medical workers receive little - 13-14 thousand rubles. (a little higher in the country as a whole) and social workers (about 16 thousand rubles, and in the country - 19.2 thousand rubles).
Features of Crimean salaries
Crimea is a rather specific region, a zone of political conflict between the West and Russia. The past of Crimea as part of Ukraine affects the habits and way of lifeCrimean life. On the whole, living conditions and salaries distribution in Crimea are not much different from those in the rest of the country. As a result, the following patterns in the distribution of salaries take place:
- The impact of sanctions on the peninsula is felt more severely than in other regions of Russia. It leads to wage instability in some enterprises.
- High salaries are characteristic of civil and military civil servants, and low salaries in trade and services.
- There are many self-employed citizens in Crimea, which is explained by the resort position of the peninsula and the past of Crimea as part of Ukraine. Many prefer to earn extra money outside of their official jobs.
Average salary and prices in Crimea in 2018
The average salary in Crimea is 26 thousand rubles, and in the whole country - 41.3 thousand rubles. This means that the peninsula is far behind in terms of wages. However, the situation is being improved and the real incomes of the population are growing. In general, they have been declining across the country for several years in a row. Thus, we can assume that in the foreseeable future the situation on the peninsula will become no worse than the average for Russia.
It is assumed that in 2019 the average salary in Crimea will be 30,000 rubles. However, so far these are only government forecasts.
The downside of life on the peninsula is higher than the national average, food prices. Slightly higher than the national average and the cost of utilities. This is due to the lack of own resources in the region.
Minimum wage in Crimea
After the annexation of Crimea to Russia, the minimum wage began to grow, albeit at a rather modest pace. Before accession, it was 6260 rubles., and in 2017 - 7500 rubles. From January 1, 2018, the minimum wage in Crimea became equal to 9489 rubles. This is not much and lower than the country as a whole. And after taxes are paid, 8,265 rubles remain, which is hardly possible to live on with current prices. Thus, the minimum wage in Crimea in 2018 was not very high.
Also, we must not forget that the prices themselves in the country are also growing, and in order to assess the dynamics of real earnings, it is necessary to know the dynamics of prices. However, there is one more unpleasant moment. Many employers are unwilling to pay even this minimum wage in full and transfer workers to part-time jobs. It is not known how much the workload on the employee is reduced (and whether it is reduced at all), but he will be paid even less, which is what the negligent employer is trying to achieve.
Currently, they are trying to equate the minimum wage with the subsistence level. However, some employers still indicate in vacancies a salary significantly lower than the minimum wage.
Low in the Crimea and the cost of living for a pensioner. It is only 8530 rubles, and until 2018 it was another 500 rubles lower. Given the high prices on the peninsula, this is very, very little.
Minimum wage in Crimea by years
Minimum wagegradually but steadily increasing. In mid-2014, it was equal to only 4628 rubles, and since the beginning of 2015 - 6200 rubles. In 2016, the minimum wage increased to 7,500–7,650 rubles, and in 2017 to 7,800 rubles. Since mid-2018, it has been 11,163 rubles. These figures indicate that the minimum wage in Crimea is growing faster than in a number of regions of the Russian Federation.
This may be due to the recovery of the economy of the peninsula after the economic blockade by Ukraine. The construction of the bridge, the development of energy, water supply and infrastructure lead to a gradual improvement in performance. As a result, the monetary allowances of the citizens of the republic are growing more intensively. The minimum wage in Crimea from January 1, 2019 will be 11,280 rubles per month.
What determines the minimum wage
The main goal of the minimum wage today is to meet the minimum subsistence level. However, in different regions of the country it is evaluated differently. In more economically developed regions, the bar is set higher, and in backward regions, lower. The average price level should also influence the cost of living.
The issue of the minimum wage in Crimea is decided during the meetings of the tripartite commission, which includes representatives of the government, workers and employers - 12 members from each group. Within each group, the decision is made by voting. The final decision is made if all 3 parties supported the initiative.
Vacancies in the Republic of Crimea
At the beginning of 2019, in the list of vacancies, you can see a large percentage of job offers in Crimea withsalary of 11,163 rubles (obviously, before taxes). On such a salary, you can get a job as a salesman, teacher, kindergarten teacher, personnel inspector, psychologist, as well as a plumber.
A little higher - at the security guard, the nurse, the ticket inspector. A significantly higher salary was offered for the vacancies of a machinist (23,000), a teacher (18,000 - 22,300), a milling machine operator (25,000), and a laboratory manager (25,300). Intermediate salaries for kitchen worker, safety engineer, housekeeper, kitchen worker.
Conclusion
Thus, Crimea is a republic with a transitional type of economy and a fairly low level of wages. At the same time, the situation is gradually improving. The minimum wage in Crimea in 2018 reached 11,163 rubles. However, the average salary is quite low by the standards of the Russian Federation. Perhaps because there is little oil and gas here, which means there are few highly paid positions.
The minimum wage is paid for work in Crimea very often. This is typical for other regions of the Russian Federation. The number of vacancies with salaries close to the minimum is significant. This means that not everyone can earn a lot in Crimea.
