The average subsistence minimum is a value that has a conditional value, which is necessary in order to calculate the minimum budget assumed to maintain a normal standard of living for the population. This indicator is calculated in each country separately and is based on the daily needs of a person. Together, the money spent on provision forms the minimum amount that must be paid to citizens. What is the average cost of living in Russia?
What is the cost of living?
The living wage per capita is a unit that determines the standard of living in the state as a whole. To exist normally, you need a certain amount of food and non-food products. Their price insum and gives this indicator.
The indicator is quite important for the organization of the country's social policy. In the Russian Federation, all the subtleties of the process of calculating and distributing the subsistence minimum are enshrined in a regulatory legal act dating back to 1997. This is Law No. 134, which is called "On the subsistence minimum in the Russian Federation." The content of the law is to fix the amount of money that should cover all the priority expenses of citizens.
Why is this indicator needed?
The cost of living and the cost of the consumer basket are calculated by government agencies not only to analyze statistics. These data are included in the implementation of the following indicators:
- assessment of the quality and standard of living of Russian citizens in certain regions;
- setting the amount of wages, as well as social payments to residents;
- forecast and formation of the country's budget;
- grounds for the development of social programs and community assistance projects.
The last point is to isolate certain strata and categories of the population who need additional support from the government in the form of financial assistance. The latter has several types, depending on the purpose and purpose. These can be benefits, subsidies and allowances.
After the subsistence minimum has been calculated, the population can assess their well-being. Depending on what value the state sets for this indicator, people can determine the possibility of participating in socialprograms. Knowing their rights, a person really deserves financial support. And now you just need to decide which services and structures to contact.
What is a consumer basket?
How much is the living wage per person in the Russian Federation? The calculation of this concept is impossible without another term - the consumer basket. It is its price that forms the basis for establishing this indicator. The consumer basket is formed from a certain set of goods, which, in turn, is officially fixed by a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation. This list was last updated on January 29, 2013. The next time the procedure will be carried out in 2018.
After numerous discussions, Decree No. 56 was issued, which determined the existing integral elements of human life. These include a list of essential food and non-food items. A separate place is given to the service sector. The state also took into account the fact that every citizen must make certain contributions to the budget and pay tax fees. A shopping cart can have a different value for each person. This is determined by the socio-demographic group to which the citizen belongs.
What's in the food basket?
The cost of living in 2016 is largely determined by the set of food products. A normal diet is the key to human he alth, that is, the nation as a whole. The state considers that a person needs to eat the following foods:
- cereal products (flour, pasta and bakery products, cereals and legumes);
- vegetable crops (among them, a special place is given to potatoes, cucumbers, tomatoes and cabbage);
- fruit;
- confectionery;
- protein products (different types of meat, fish, milk, dairy products, eggs);
- sunflower and butter;
- flavored goods (such as tea and spices).
What does the non-food part of the consumer basket imply?
Of course, the cost of living in 2016 could not do without industrial goods. This part of the consumer basket is mostly occupied by textile goods. The first category is clothing. Every inhabitant of Russia should be provided with warm clothes, light summer clothes, as well as hosiery and haberdashery. The basket also includes the cost of shoes. Separately allocate stationery and household goods. Citizens are provided with personal hygiene products. It is impossible to imagine a non-food category without medicines.
What service offerings does the cart pay for?
Separate categories of the service sector also pay the cost of living. The family is allotted payment for entertainment and cultural events, as well as travel in all modes of transport. This part of the consumer basket also takes into account the payment by citizens of the Russian Federation of utilities. It is assumed that the personuses the full list, consisting of rent, heating, electricity, gas, water (cold and hot) and sewer.
That is, these elements should be present in the daily life of all people. The cost of the consumer basket varies depending on who it is intended for - children, citizens of working age or the elderly.
How is this indicator calculated?
The average cost of living is calculated in several stages:
- Determining the volume of consumed goods, compiling a consumer basket.
- Calculation of the share that a person needs within one calendar month.
- Multiplying the number obtained at the previous stage by the average cost of this product.
- Data summarization.
This consistent line shows that predicting this value will not give accurate results. Therefore, for a more careful and accurate calculation, a similar number is displayed every three months.
In addition to the valuation of the consumer basket, the basis for determining the average cost of living is the current inflation rate, the price level in the country, as well as the amount of tax collections and deductions to the state budget.
Who sets this indicator?
Due to the difficulties in the geographical location of the Russian Federation, the cost of living is set separately for the regions. This value varies, although not significantly. After all, in every corner of thisbig state completely different needs. Several groups of factors contribute to the calculation. These include:
- climate zone;
- ecological situation in the region;
- price lines.
For a more accurate formation of the subsistence minimum in each part of Russia there is a commission that calculates. Since this indicator is reviewed once every five years, representatives of various services are convened precisely at that time. These include people providing data from the Department of Labor, social security services and statistical organizations.
After collecting the necessary information, the work of the commission is aimed at their analysis and calculation. It is these people who determine those important factors in a person's life, without which he will not be able to maintain a normal standard of living. That is, a person should eat normally, not get sick, be protected and develop.
At the end of the work, the commission should allocate three numbers that characterize the cost of the consumer basket for three socio-demographic groups. When each region has calculated its values, the average cost of living is formed throughout the Russian Federation. This number is only a generalized economic benchmark, which can decrease or increase from quarter to quarter. It mainly depends on the appearance of seasonal goods and events occurring throughout the year.
How to calculate the cost of living yourself?
To understand whether it is worth contactingorganization of social protection of the population and whether to rely on financial support from the state, you need to know how to independently determine the cost of living. This will help determine the level of we alth in the family and understand which socio-demographic category you can relate to.
To do this, you must first divide your family into three categories. The first will include children, the second - able-bodied persons, and the third - elderly family members. After that, in each category, you need to sum up the total, that is, the number of people in each group. The next step is to multiply each value obtained at the previous stage by the subsistence level of the region of residence. Separately, these indicators are taken out for residents of Moscow and the northern capital - St. Petersburg.
The average cost of living in Moscow is higher than in other regions of Russia, and amounts to 15,092 rubles. This number is a generalized indicator of this value for able-bodied residents (17,219), children (12,989) and pensioners (10,715).
The average cost of living in St. Petersburg is 10,526 rubles. It combines the value of the indicator for able-bodied Leningraders (11,568), children (10,144), and elderly residents (8,419).
Not always representatives from three categories are part of the family at the same time. If some socio-demographic group is not a member of the cell of society, then it is simply omitted in the calculations. The formula for determining the total budget consists of the sumfamily income divided by the number of people. In the event that this value is lower than the subsistence minimum per capita established by local authorities, then this gives the right to receive the status of a low-income family.
What is government assistance?
In the event that individual family members do not have the opportunity to find a job or their financial condition does not reach a certain level established by the state, these people are en titled to receive benefits. The subsistence level may vary.
Special services on the basis of the documents provided, which are confirmed by certificates of income of the husband, wife, children, disabled and incapacitated members, issue their verdict. The following types of financial payments are calculated:
- scholarship;
- retirement;
- benefits;
- compensation;
- training aid;
- all types of rewards;
- unemployment benefits;
- alimony;
- rental income;
- payments for harm caused to he alth by the enterprise;
- wages;
- profits from the sale of housing and real estate.
To apply for the status of a low-income family, you must come to an appointment with the relevant authorities that are competent to carry out this procedure. The service of labor and social protection of the population is mainly engaged in this.
They apply for the priority receipt of surchargespersons of retirement age, disabled citizens, low-income or large families, unemployed, students. Able-bodied residents of Russia can also count on financial assistance only under certain conditions.
In order to control the observance of your own rights and prevent their violation, you need to play it safe and do the calculations yourself.
For each category of citizens, there are some nuances when applying for additional payments up to the subsistence level.
Elderly people most often have no other sources of income besides pensions. But, for example, a one-time payment by the state is not taken into account in the calculation. The calculation itself is carried out depending not on the region of the actual place of residence, but on registration.
The process of issuing additional payments to the able-bodied population is standard. However, the state is not always obliged to do so. Therefore, in order to avoid misunderstanding, it is necessary to carefully study the legislative framework.
For disabled people, a feature of the procedure is a set of specific documents, including medical certificates, opinions of various specialists, medical history, and so on.
Not everyone falls under the category of unemployed, but only certain groups of citizens. For example, these are women on parental leave who previously worked in liquidated enterprises. Also, persons who are registered with the labor exchange are officially considered unemployed.
Only those students whowho study full time. The entire registration procedure goes through the dean's office.
