The most important task facing all mankind is to preserve the diversity of all organisms living on Earth. All species (vegetation, animals) are closely interconnected. The destruction of even one of them leads to the disappearance of other species interconnected with it.
Human influence on the nature of the Earth
From the very moment that man invented tools and became more or less intelligent, his comprehensive influence on the nature of the planet began. The more man developed, the greater the impact he had on the Earth's environment. How does man influence nature? What is positive and what is negative?
Negative moments
There are pluses and minuses of human influence on nature. To begin, considernegative examples of the detrimental human impact on the environment:
- Deforestation associated with the construction of highways, etc.
- Soil pollution occurs due to the use of fertilizers and chemicals.
- Decrease in the number of populations due to the expansion of areas for fields with the help of deforestation (animals, losing their normal habitat, die).
- Destruction of plants and animals due to the difficulties of their adaptation to a new life, greatly changed by man, or simply extermination of them by people.
- Pollution of the atmosphere and water by a variety of industrial waste and by the people themselves. For example, in the Pacific Ocean there is a “dead zone” where a huge amount of garbage floats.
Examples of human influence on the nature of the ocean and mountains, on the state of fresh water
Change in nature under the influence of man is very significant. The flora and fauna of the Earth suffer greatly, water resources are polluted.
As a rule, light debris remains on the surface of the ocean. In this regard, the access of air (oxygen) and light to the inhabitants of these territories is hindered. Numerous species of living creatures are trying to look for new places for their habitat, which, unfortunately, not everyone succeeds.
Every year, ocean currents bring millions of tons of garbage. This is a real disaster.
Deforestation on mountain slopes also has a negative impact. They become bare, which contributes to the occurrence of erosion, as a result, loosening of the soil occurs. And this leads todevastating collapses.
Pollution occurs not only in the oceans, but also in fresh water. Every day, thousands of cubic meters of sewage or industrial waste enter the rivers. And groundwater is contaminated with pesticides, chemical fertilizers.
The terrible consequences of oil spills, mining
Just one drop of oil renders approximately 25 liters of water unfit for drinking. But this is not the worst. A fairly thin film of oil covers the surface of a huge area of water - about 20 m2 of water. It is detrimental to all living things. All organisms under such a film are doomed to a slow death, because it prevents the access of oxygen to the water. This is also a direct human influence on the nature of the Earth.
People extract minerals from the bowels of the Earth, formed over several million years - oil, coal, and so on. Such industries, together with cars, release huge amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which leads to a catastrophic decrease in the ozone layer of the atmosphere - the protector of the Earth's surface from the death-bearing ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.
Over the past 50 years, the air temperature on Earth has increased by only 0.6 degrees. But it's a lot.
Such warming will lead to an increase in the temperature of the World Ocean, which will contribute to the melting of polar glaciers in the Arctic. Thus, the most global problem arises - the ecosystem of the Earth's poles is disturbed. Glaciers are the most importantvoluminous sources of clean fresh water.
People's benefit
It should be noted that people bring some benefit, and a lot.
It is necessary to note the influence of man on nature from this point of view. The positive is in the activities carried out by people to improve the ecology of the environment.
In many vast areas of the Earth in different countries, protected areas, wildlife sanctuaries and parks are organized - places where everything is preserved in its original form. This is the most reasonable influence of man on nature, positive. In such protected areas, people contribute to the conservation of flora and fauna.
Thanks to their creation, many species of animals and plants have survived on Earth. Rare and already endangered species are necessarily listed in the Red Book created by man, according to which fishing and collection are prohibited.
People also create artificial water channels and irrigation systems that help maintain and increase soil fertility.
Various planting activities are also carried out on a large scale.
Ways to solve emerging problems in nature
To solve problems, it is necessary and important, first of all, the active influence of man on nature (positive).
To preserve mineral resources, it is necessary to improve the methods of their extraction (in the subsoil with modern methods of their extraction, 25% of metal ores, more than 50% of oil and about 40% of coal remain in the layers), use them only for their intended purpose.
To solve energy problems, alternative methods must be used: wind and solar energy, tidal energy.
As for biological resources (animals and plants), they should be used (extracted) in such a way that individuals always remain in nature in quantities that contribute to the restoration of the previous population size.
It is also necessary to continue work on the organization of reserves and planting forests.
Carrying out all these activities to restore and improve the environment - the impact of man on nature is positive. All this is necessary for the good of oneself.
After all, the well-being of human life, like all biological organisms, depends on the state of nature. Now all mankind faces the most important problem - the creation of a favorable state and sustainability of the living environment.
