Thermal power plants are the most popular way to generate electricity. More than seventy-five percent of electricity in the Russian Federation is generated by the turbines of thermal power plants. There are several reasons for choosing a thermal power plant in the energy sector - the cheapness of construction relative to other types of generation, the low cost of energy generation due to the use of coal, fuel oil and natural gas, the production of by-products (hot water and steam), construction is possible on any territory, even with a complex landscape and harsh climate.
Cons - environmental degradation due to the large amount of carbon dioxide and soot emissions into the atmosphere, low efficiency, ash.
The method of generating electricity is quite simple - due to the released energy, the generator shaft rotates, the blades begin to rotate and current is generated.
The largest thermal power plants in Russia are Surgutskaya-2, Reftinskaya, Kostroma, Surgutskaya-1, Ryazanskaya GRES. Stands for State District Power Plant.
Surgutskaya GRES-2
The list of "5 large thermal power plants in Russia" is opened by Surgutskaya GRES-2. The largest electricity producer in the state. Located in the city of Surgut, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug.
Put into service in1985. Maximum power - 6400 MW. Working fuel - oil and natural gas.
The need for construction arose in the second half of the seventies. In less than ten years, Surgut has become the center of oil production. In the shortest possible time, a small workers' settlement grew to the size of an entire city. Power outages have become permanent.
Reftinskaya GRES
Reftinskaya GRES ranks second in the list of "The largest thermal power plants in Russia". The station is located one hundred kilometers from Yekaterinburg. This is the largest thermal power plant, which operates on Ekibastuz coal. When kindling, fuel oil is used. The total capacity is 3800 MW, the number of power units is 10.
The construction of the second number of the list "The largest thermal power plants in Russia" began in 1963. The commissioning of the first power unit took place in 1970. The quality of work was carefully monitored by the local party leadership. Reftinskaya GRES is truly the construction site of the century. At the moment, the station generates almost half of the electricity consumed by the Sverdlovsk region.
Kostroma GRES
The honorable third place in the list of "The largest thermal power plants in Russia" is occupied by Kostromskaya GRES. It is located in the very center of the European part of Russia, in the city of Volgorechensk, on the banks of the Volga River.
The station was commissioned in 1969. The main fuel used is natural gas. If necessary, there is the possibility of switching to fuel oil. The total number of power units is nine. Totalcapacity is 3600 MW.
The length of one of the station's chimneys is 320 meters - one of the highest objects in the country.
In the 1960s, the region began to develop rapidly. This was facilitated by the influx of workers and tourists, which was associated with the development of water transport. An acute shortage of power forced the authorities to develop and implement a project in an accelerated mode, which was included in the list of "The Largest TPPs in Russia".
The station is unique for its time - the most advanced developments of scientists were introduced into it. Energy is supplied to more than forty regions of the Russian Federation, and is also exported to neighboring countries.
Surgutskaya GRES-1
In the list of "The largest thermal power plants in Russia" the list will be incomplete without Surgutskaya GRES-1, which is conveniently located in fourth place. Located in the city of Surgut, commissioning was made in 1972. The maximum capacity of the station is 3268 MW. TPP is certified according to international standards ISO:9001.
Ryazanskaya GRES
The Ryazan State District Power Plant (another name is Novomichurinskaya) is in fifth place. Construction began in 1968. Commissioning took place in 1973 in Novomichurinsk.
Six power units produce 3070 MW of electricity. Brown coal is used as fuel. Reserve - gas and fuel oil.
The decoration of the station are two chimneys three hundred and twenty meters high. And two more metal ones - one hundred and eighty meters. Equipped with modern systemvibration damping.
Conclusion
TPPs have been reliable assistants for many years. The ease of use guarantees a long service life. With such large and powerful stations in reserve, one can be sure of a non-volatile tomorrow.
