Ryazan is one of the major cities in the center of European Russia. It is the capital of the Ryazan region. It is a large industrial, military and scientific center. Ryazan is an important transport hub. The population is 538,962 people. The city has a long history and a high proportion of the Russian population in the national composition. The climate of Ryazan and the Ryazan region is temperate, cool.
Geographic features
The city is spread over an area of 224 square meters. km. The height above sea level is 130 meters. Ryazan is located in the central part of the East European Plain, between the Volga and Oka rivers. Ryazan is located in the western half of the Ryazan region and has coordinates: 54 ° N. sh. and 39° E. e.
Ryazan is relatively close to Moscow (180 km) and together with Tver is one of the closest major cities to the Russian capital. The course of time in Ryazan corresponds to Moscow.
The city of Ryazan is located on the border of the forest-steppe and forest zones of vegetation. ATthe city itself has many green areas, where a variety of temperate tree species grow. Fruit trees are quite common. The state of the environment in Ryazan is at an acceptable level, and the main pollutants are transport and industry.
The animal world is quite diverse. In the 15th - 17th centuries, the city was surrounded by forests where one could meet such animals as wild boar, roe deer, elk, bear, wolf. Now they are found only in protected and little-visited forest areas away from the city.
The main river of Ryazan is the Oka. It is characterized by strong spills during the flood associated with the melting of snow. Also, about 10 small rivers flow through the city. Most of the closed reservoirs were formed by the Oka River when its course changed.
Ryazan climate
The city has a temperate continental climate. The climatic zone in Ryazan corresponds to the temperate zone. Winters are relatively cold, with the lowest temperature (-7.9 °C) in February. But often there are thaws. Summer is not hot, with the maximum average monthly temperature in July (+ 19.2 °C). The summer temperature regime is set at the end of May. The absolute minimum is 40.9 degrees and the absolute maximum is +39.5 degrees. Such a high air temperature was observed in 2010. Such highs and lows are associated with the development of blocking anticyclones, which lead to air heating in summer and cooling in winter.
Annual rainfall is 500mm, and in general in the Ryazan region - from 500 to 600 mm. The humidity coefficient falls to the south of the city, where the zone of insufficient moisture is located. To the north of Ryazan, moisture increases and becomes excessive. All this determines the nature of the vegetation cover: forest in the north and forest-steppe in the south.
Most of the precipitation (390 mm) falls during the warm season. The wettest month is July (80 mm total precipitation) and the driest month is March (26 mm).
The most comfortable weather is set in September, when the so-called "golden autumn" is observed. But from October it changes: it becomes damp and rainy.
The prevailing wind direction in Ryazan is west during the warm period and south during the cold. The presence of the large Oka River has a beneficial effect on the summer microclimate, helping to mitigate the midday heat.
Air masses
The greatest influence on the climate of Ryazan is provided by flows from the Atlantic, i.e. moderate sea air masses. The influx of 90% of the falling moisture is associated with them. The arrival of air from the north, from the Arctic side, is less common. Maritime arctic air quickly transforms into temperate continental air, causing air temperatures to rise.
Tropical air flow from the south is infrequent. Hot summer weather is associated with it, when the maximum temperature can be above 30 °. Tropical air masses come from the Mediterranean and regions of Central Asia.
Snow cover
Snow cover is set inlate November and lies until the end of March, and sometimes longer. The total number of days with snow cover is 135 - 145. By the end of winter, the snow thickness reaches 30 - 50 cm.
Seasons of the year
In the Ryazan region, as in other regions of the temperate zone, the seasonality of the year is well expressed. The growing season is about 140 days a year. The sum of active temperatures is 2200 - 2300 degrees.
Economy of Ryazan
Industry and tourism play an important role in the city's economy. The most developed oil refining industry produces gasoline, fuel oil, kerosene, diesel fuel, and bitumen. Mechanical engineering and the food industry are also being improved. The industrial zones of the city are quite extensive.
In the future, it is also planned to develop high-tech technologies.
Tourism is actively developing throughout the Ryazan region. There are a large number of historical and cultural monuments, over 2 thousand archaeological sites and over 800 cultural heritage sites. A network of recreation centers, sanatoriums, hotels, campsites has been developed.
Ryazan differs from most other cities in the presence of cultivated land directly in the urban area. Cattle are also bred there.
Thus, the climate of Ryazan is cool, but generally comfortable for human habitation. Extreme events, as a rule, are not observed. Time in Ryazan corresponds to Moscow time.
