Is it really the highest value in the Russian Federation is the observance of human rights? What should be the relationship between the state and the people and what are they like in reality? Questions that all sane citizens should ask themselves. Looking for answers.
What is the highest value of the state?
Value in itself is value. This is the benefit that an object, phenomenon or person brings. This is what we are willing to sacrifice for the sake of his (her) inviolability.
The highest value of the state determines its essence, why it exists and how firmly it "keeps on its feet".
In all states that claim to be legal, a person, his rights and freedoms are valued above all else. According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, it is the highest value in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted on December 10, 1948 in the UN. It is a benchmark to which all democratic states are measured, although it is not endowed with legally binding force. It lists the natural rights and freedoms that a person has from birth, and what kind of relationship the state should have with him.
Russia is legalstate or not?
A state can call itself legal if:
- equality reigns;
- man, his rights and freedoms are not only declared the highest value, but they are protected, protected, respected;
- the law does not contradict the law and is the same for all and unshakable;
- there is no ideological direction imposed from above, everyone can have a different opinion from the official one and talk about it;
- society and the state are mutually responsible for their actions.
This is how Russia positions itself. The Constitution states that the highest value in the Russian Federation is a person, his rights and freedoms.
What are human rights?
These are opportunities stemming from the very nature of man to live freely and safely in society. These are conditions for the preservation of life and dignity. These are moral norms belonging to a person, regardless of what nationality or race he belongs to, what religion he professes, what political beliefs he adheres to.
Human Rights:
- follow from the natural essence of man;
- not dependent on state recognition;
- belong to everyone from birth;
- are natural and cannot be alienated;
- act directly;
- these are the norms and principles of the relationship between a person and the state, enabling everyone to act at their own discretion and receive the necessary benefits;
- the state is obliged to recognize, observe and protect them.
What is understood in Russia as the highest value?
The highest value, according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, is a person, his rights and freedoms. The Basic Law in the second article endowed the state with the obligation to recognize, observe and protect them as the basis of its existence, as follows from the norms and principles of international law. The main ones are:
- The state is obliged to recognize the rights and freedoms that belong to a person from birth.
- Before the court and the law, everyone must be equal. While respecting the rights and interests of one, the rights of others should not be violated.
- Women and men are equal in rights.
- International norms, recognized by all, should be higher than domestic ones.
- Conditions that allow restricting a person's rights and freedoms must be strictly defined by law.
- It is unacceptable to abuse the rights and freedoms to separate people by race, nationality, religion, as well as the violent overthrow of the constitutional order.
What rights and freedoms does the Russian Federation guarantee?
The second chapter of the Constitution specifies what the state of Russia understands as "the highest value" and undertakes to observe, protect and provide:
- equality of all before the law;
- right to life;
- human dignity;
- freedom and inviolability of the person;
- privacy, honor, family and personal secrets;
- inviolability of the home;
- mother tongue;
- the right to move freely;
- the right to speak and act in accordance with one's convictions;
- the right of association and peaceful protest;
- the right to govern by electing or being elected;
- the right to apply to government agencies for help;
- the right to do business;
- private property;
- the right to work and the prohibition of coercion;
- motherhood and childhood;
- care for the elderly;
- right to housing;
- he alth and medical care;
- favorable environment and information about it;
- the right to education;
- creative freedom;
- the right of everyone to protect their interests personally, the duty of the state is to protect them;
- right to judicial protection and legal assistance;
- presumption of innocence;
- no re-conviction for the same crime;
- the right not to testify against yourself and close relatives;
- the right to compensation for harm caused by the state.
Since, according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the highest value of the state is a person, his rights and freedoms, from a formal point of view, Russia is a legal state, as the first article of the Basic Law says.
But does the form match the content? Who does the government really care about first?
What is really going on?
Based on the fact that, according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the highest value is the definition and protection of these conditions, people should feel safe and proud of the country.
However, not everything is so smooth.
Yes, the highest value in the Russian Federation is a person and given to him bynature, freedom and the right to dispose of it. But this works, as a rule, until this very person touches the "holy", that is, the current government and the policy of the ruling party. This has always been the case in states gravitating towards authoritarianism. It is difficult to find a constitution more democratic than it was in the USSR. However, for just one anecdote, one could end up in the camp for a long time, get the "capital measure".
In today's Russia, of course, the noose is not so tightened, but still the picture on paper and in reality is noticeably different.
Stricter legislation, dispersal of rallies, detention of journalists and public figures occur regularly.
Demonstrating legally is getting harder every year. The authorities each time explain the dispersal of an unauthorized demonstration precisely by caring for the population. In view of the fact that the highest value in the Russian Federation is the right to live freely and in peace, and the protesters prevent citizens from walking around the square and make noise, the authorities, taking care of them, carefully seat the demonstrators in “paddy wagons”, including schoolchildren. In the regions, such incidents do not receive much public outcry.
But there were also thundered all over the world. Here are the loudest:
Journalist and human rights activist Anna Politkovskaya. Murdered October 2006
Journalist and human rights activist Natalya Estemirova. Murdered July 2009
The harsh crackdown on a rally on Bolotnaya Square in Moscow in 2014, after which the rules for holding demonstrations and evensingle picket was fraught with consequences
Politician Boris Nemtsov. Killed February 2015
Human rights activist Oyub Titiev. Arrested in January 2018 and is still in custody on charges of possession and transportation of drugs
Human rights organizations link these cases to their professional activities. The state denies this, and the points have not yet been put in them.
So, officially, the highest value in the Russian Federation is a person, his rights and freedoms. Everyone is free to live, speak and act as he sees fit, without infringing on the rights of another. Everyone can do what the soul lies in, and earn in accordance with their skills and capabilities. But this applies to everything that is not in the interests of the ruling party and people loyal to it, zealously defending their positions.
