The small resort town of Anapa, located on the Black Sea coast, is known to almost every inhabitant of the former USSR. This is a famous children's he alth resort, balneological and climatic resort. The population of Anapa has now grown by more than 20% compared to the Soviet period. This can be explained by a number of reasons, including demographics, which, along with other factors, influenced growth.
Antique period
It so happened historically that different peoples lived on this territory. About two thousand years ago Sinds lived here, and on the site of the modern city there was an ancient ancient city of Sindika (Sind Harbor).
In the XIV century the city was a Genoese colony of Mapa, Genoese and Jews lived here. It was the Genoese who built strong fortifications that can be seen on the ancient Visconti tarot cards as the Mapa fortress. In the same XIV century, these places "with fire and sword" walkedTamerlane, who, having ruined everything, left the fortifications intact.
Ottoman Period
For more than 300 years, the territory of modern Anapa was under the rule of the Ottomans, it was at this time that the name of the city, or rather the fortress, appeared. She began to be called Anapa. In the written sources of that time, we see that the indigenous population of Anapa was the Circassian tribe Shegake, which means “seaside residents” in Turkic. The entire territory was under the rule of the Ottomans, who collected tribute from them.
After the Russian-Turkish war of 1784, the Turks and Nogais, who fled from the Crimea, Taman and roamed the steppe, found refuge in the Anapa fortress, which by that time had become the city of Anapa. Turkey was engaged in the slave trade and, raiding Russian possessions, drove their inhabitants into slavery. The port of Anapa was the center of trade in Russian slaves.
In 1782, a fortress was built here, which for 28 years resisted the Russian troops, who waged war with the Turks-slavers and periodically captured the fortress during a series of Russian-Turkish wars that took place during this period. Don and Kuban Cossacks came to their aid.
Anapa as part of Russia
At the end of the Russian-Turkish war of 1828-1829, the fortress was annexed to the Russian Empire. This was done in accordance with the Adrianople Treaty. In 1846, by order of Nicholas I, it received the status of a city. The population of Anapa became mostly Russian, as the Turks and Circassians left for Turkey. Twenty years later, in 1866, inthe first sanatorium was built in the city, which marked the beginning of the development of the resort city.
Ethnic composition
According to statistics, in 2016, 176,210 people lived in the city district, including 73,410 people in Anapa and 102,800 people in rural areas. According to the 2010 census, more than 86% of the inhabitants of Anapa are Russians, about 7% are Armenians, Ukrainians are 2%, and 5% are other nationalities.
Belarusians, Tatars, Jews, Greeks, Georgians and Gypsies live in the city. In recent years, statistics have shown an increase in migrants due to the population of the former Soviet republics: Uzbeks, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Azerbaijanis.
Demography
Annually, the population of Anapa increases by an average of 3,000 people. Moreover, this is a natural increase, which indicates the excess of the birth rate over the death rate. This demographic situation has been observed in Anapa for more than a year, which indicates an increase in the level of the socio-economic situation.
According to statistics, in recent years, the number of registered marriages has increased compared to the number of divorces, which undoubtedly shows an increase in family status and general economic condition.
Employment of the population
The vast majority of the urban and partially rural population of Anapa is employed in the tourism sector, since the city's infrastructure is closely connected with this type of economic activity. A bunch ofhe alth resorts, boarding houses, recreation centers, various types of hotels require a huge number of staff.
Anapa received the title of the world's first balneological resort. The demand for the city as a place of recreation has increased significantly, along with this, the number of visitors is increasing year by year, leading to the fact that the employment of the population of Anapa in the service and catering sector is becoming high.
The city of Anapa is a federal resort that annually receives millions of tourists, so it is a giant market for agricultural, food and industrial products of the Kuban Territory and all of Russia as a whole. Therefore, a large number of Anapa's population is associated with trade.
The population of the suburbs of Anapa works in agriculture. It grows fruits, vegetables, is engaged in viticulture and processing of these products. A winery operates in the city.
Transportation
There is a large airport in Anapa, which receives planes from all over the country every day. The city is connected with many cities by railway. Trains arrive at the railway station. A large number of buses leave daily to different parts of the Krasnodar Territory and the country. In connection with the events in Ukraine and the reunification of Crimea with Russia, it was the city of Anapa that became a transfer point on a single ticket to Crimea, bus routes to a catamaran and a ferry pass through it.
Bus runs around the city on 25 routes, in addition to them, a large number of fixed-route taxis operate on these directions. On transport and in itservices involved part of the city's population.
