There are a huge variety of mushrooms on Earth. One of these representatives of the forest is the gray row mushroom. Not all mushroom pickers, both professionals and amateurs, know about this mushroom. In this regard, it is especially important to know how it looks and how it differs from poisonous counterparts.
This mushroom is edible (4th category).
General information about rows
Before we move on to the description and photo of the gray row, we will present general information about all row mushrooms. This name in Russia has several outwardly similar genera of the Ryadovkovye family. But some mushrooms of other genera of the same family can also be called in the same way.
To a greater extent, these are fungi of the genus Tricholoma. For example, purple, lilac-footed and violet belong to the genus Lepista, and the May-row belongs to the genus Calocybe. Moreover, these fungi can be attributed to different genera only according to microbiological signs, and according to external data, they are almost all similar - one form, they grow in rows, the same smell. The mycologists themselves cannot decide in any way, which is why many of the species wanderby different genera. Their main main feature is that they grow in groups (rows).
You can get acquainted with one of the types of mushrooms - gray row (photo and description are presented in the article) by reading the material below. It is very important for mushroom pickers to know that among them, unfortunately, there are also poisonous, although not fatal. The worst thing that can happen is an upset bowel for a long time. Unfortunately, although these mushrooms are common, they are poorly identifiable.
This genus got its name for its peculiarity of growth - in groups (in a row or in rings).
Ryadovki is a numerous genus of mushrooms, in which there are more than 2.5 thousand species. For mushroom pickers, only a few species are of particular interest - about 5, of which only 3 species are edible and 2 are conditionally edible.
Separation of rows into edible and poisonous species
Among the edible rows of rows, the following species may be of interest to mushroom pickers:
- gray line (description and photo are presented in the article);
- bored;
- poplar;
- green (greenfinch);
- Mayskaya (May mushroom).
Among the conditionally edible can be useful:
- purple;
- yellow-brown;
- yellow-red.
The rest of the species of this genus of mushrooms are inedible varieties of mushrooms and even poisonous (especially the tiger row). In this regard, only the most experienced mushroom pickers collect them for eating. The rest are betterdo not collect them and avoid them altogether.
Row gray: photo and description
Tricholoma portentosum is a common edible relatively large mushroom. Ryadovka gray got its name, as noted above, for the peculiarity of growing in rows and rings and for the gray color of the hat. Often it is also called a hatched row or mouse because of its resemblance at a young age to a gray little mouse. It belongs to agaric mushrooms.
What does the gray row look like? The spores necessary for the reproduction of this fungus are in the plates. The latter are broad in shape, very sparse, slightly sinuous. In young mushrooms, they are almost white in color, while in more mature ones they are gray, with a yellowish tinge. The hat of the gray row is fleshy with wavy edges and slightly noticeable blackish radial fibers. Young mushrooms have rounded conical caps, while mature ones are uneven, often prostrate, with a tubercle flat in the center. And the edges of the caps of young mushrooms are slightly wrapped, while those of mature mushrooms crack over time, bending up.
By the color of the cap, they are mostly pale grayish or dark gray, but are often found with purple, olive and lilac shades. The surface is smooth, slimy and sticky in wet weather, which is why leaves and grass stick to it. The leg of the gray row is slightly thickened, cylindrical, smooth and dense, longitudinally fibrous and deeply planted in foliage or moss. The gray-yellow-white flesh in the cap is dense, but rather brittle, and in the stem -loose and fibrous.
It is believed that the mushroom has a mild persistent mealy smell and taste. However, there is an opinion among mushroom pickers that its smell is more like the smell of stale, damp and musty flour, and it is definitely not spicy.
Autumn row mushroom. The gray hat is clearly visible in the autumn forest. Some specimens can also be found in summer (August), but rowing in autumn (September-October) is especially numerous.
It is believed that this mushroom has the best taste among all edible varieties of rows.
How to distinguish from an inedible mushroom?
There are many similar mushrooms to the gray row. Among several species there are poisonous gray rows, therefore, before collecting them, one should study their similarities and differences well.
Most of all it looks like a row of gray pointed row. It is inedible due to its bitter taste. She has exactly the same gray hat, and it is also cracking at the edges. But in this mushroom, the center of the cap is a pointed, strongly protruding tubercle. You can distinguish it both by the pulp and by the plates: in the pointed one they are grayish-white, and in the gray one they are yellowish-white. And in size, the pointed row is thinner and smaller, and it does not grow in large clusters, like the gray edible one.
Summary of some similar species
As noted above, inedible, edible and poisonous (weakly poisonous) mushrooms can be found among the rows:
- earthy row(semi-edible), characterized by smaller sizes, rare plates and a fibrous scaly surface of the cap;
- row is different (semi-edible), has an unpleasant smell and a leg of green, brown or white color;
- soap row (inedible), more evenly colored and with a strong smell of laundry soap;
- row pointed (slightly poisonous), characterized by a thin ash hat, with a noticeable conical tubercle in the middle, as well as burning pulp in taste;
- brindle row (large and very poisonous), characterized by a gray cap covered with black spotted small scales and flesh, which turns pink when touched and cut, especially at the stem.
Where does the gray row grow?
The mushroom usually grows in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere: in Canada, North America, Western, Northern and Eastern Europe, in the Far East. The main Russian regions of growth: Central Russia, the Urals, Siberia (Novorossiysk), Crimea.
The fruiting period usually starts from the beginning of September and ends during the frost (end of November). The most massive fruiting is from the end of September to the first half of October.
Most of all, the gray edible row is common in coniferous (especially in pine) and mixed forests and, as a rule, on sandy soil, in mosses and under leaf-coniferous litter. It grows not only in groups. It is often found in the same places where there is greenfinch, and their growth period is simultaneous. ATpeople believe that the described rowing is almost a sister of greenery, which is why they sometimes call it greenery.
Application
Despite its nondescript appearance, the gray row has a fairly high taste. The described mushroom is suitable for a variety of types of processing. It can be frozen, pickled, pickled, boiled, fried and dried. When cooking, you can use both young mushrooms and very mature ones.
Before cooking mushrooms, it is recommended to thoroughly clean and rinse them from the remnants of leaves and earth, and peel the caps. After boiling, the pulp of the gray row changes its color to gray-white with a faint chestnut tint.
Benefits and contraindications
Like all other mushrooms, gray rowweed contains trace elements that are important for the human body. They contain vitamins of groups A, B, PP, copper, zinc and manganese. A fairly high protein content in them is perfectly combined with a low calorie content, so they are perfect for dietary nutrition. It is important to note that an antibiotic was also found in the pulp of the rowweed, albeit in a small amount.
Row is used in the treatment of tuberculosis. Antibiotic properties are suitable for combating colds. It should be remembered that people suffering from diseases of the stomach, gallbladder and other similar diseases should not abuse rows too much to prevent possible exacerbations.
The mushroom described above isquite often eaten. In terms of its taste, it is well characterized by professional mushroom pickers and just lovers of mushroom hunting. But with all the useful properties, it should be eaten with caution, especially when raw. Mushrooms in this form cause indigestion.
Conclusion
It is desirable to collect gray rows in ecologically clean forests, as they quite actively absorb harmful substances from the air. You should also take the harvesting process seriously and carefully so as not to mistakenly pick up poisonous relatives - gray false rows.
Going into the forest, you need to have complete confidence in your knowledge of mushrooms. Jokes with them are undesirable, because a mistake in the assembly can lead to serious and deplorable consequences.
So, with the right, careful and serious approach, you can be sure that the discovery of this type of mushroom will bring only benefit and pleasure.
