East-Siberian city is located in the central part of the Minusinsk basin, surrounded by mountains. The city is the industrial center of the south of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. For a long time it was a place of exile, from the Decembrists to the Soviet leaders in the 30s of the last century.
Overview
Minusinsk is the administrative center of the city district and district of the same name, belongs to the Krasnoyarsk Territory of the Russian Federation. The city is located along both banks of the Yenisei River in Eastern Siberia. The area of the city of Minusinsk is 17.7 sq. km.
At a distance of 12 kilometers is the Minusinsk railway station, relatively close (25 kilometers) is Abakan. The federal highway M54 "Yenisei" passes near the city. From the regional center of Krasnoyarsk to Minusinsk 422 kilometers.
The date of foundation is considered to be 1739, when the village of Minyusinskoye was built. The settlement got its name from the river Minus, which in Turkic means "big water". In 1822 it received city status.
Minusinsk is located in a time zone shifted from Moscow by 4 hours. In Russia it is designated as MSK+4. Krasnoyarsk and Minusinsk are in the same time zone.
Foundation of the city
The settlement, which arose as a working settlement, after the closure of the copper smelter, turned into an ordinary peasant village. The population of those times has not been established. A year after receiving the status of a city (in 1823), there were 787 people in Minusinsk, of which 156 were exiled settlers, who for a long time constituted the second largest (after peasants) group of residents.
Despite the fact that people now lived in a city that still looked like a village, the population of Minusinsk continued to engage in peasant labor. Nevertheless, in 1828 the peasants were transferred to the philistine class, which was supposed to be engaged in trades and crafts. But many continued to engage in agriculture and cattle breeding for a long time.
Second half of the 19th century
In 1856, the population of Minusinsk was 2,200 people, an increase of more than 3 times in two decades. At this time, the transition from peasant labor to other activities began. The city gradually formed a merchant class. A feature of the local merchants was that they only lived in Minusinsk, and were engaged in trade in other cities of Siberia.
The document "List of settlements of the Yenisei province" for 1859 noted that in the district town of the Minusinsk district, located in551 versts from the provincial city of Yeniseisk, there were 372 houses in which 2,936 people lived, including 1,491 male and 1,445 female residents. Trade and crafts developed in the city, the first small factories appeared. The population continued to grow rapidly, largely due to the peasants of the central Russian provinces. In 1897, the population of Minusinsk was 10,231 people.
Between two wars
The construction of new industrial enterprises, including soap-making, candle-baking factories, helped to attract labor resources. In 1914, there were 15,000 people in the city of Minusinsk.
In the revolutionary year of 1917, the "Lists of settlements of the Yenisei province" contains data on the total number of inhabitants -12,807, of which 5,669 are male and 7,138 are female, including 259 military men. After the end of the civil war industry began to develop in the city. In 1926, several dozen enterprises of various forms of ownership (private, state, cooperative) operated in the settlement. For example, the yeast factory, the Vassan mill, the Dynamo tobacco factory, which produced products worth 1.2 million rubles. Then the population of Minusinsk was 20,400 people.
The city still remained a place of exile, for example, a prominent revolutionary figure L. B. Kamenev was exiled here to a settlement. By 1931, the number of inhabitants had slightly decreased to 19,900, which was also associated with the beginning of repressions. In subsequent years, the cityactively improved, new schools, a pedagogical technical school, courses for nurses, machinists, state farm and forestry apprenticeships were opened. The number of inhabitants increased to 31,354 in 1939.
Second half of the 20th century
In the first years of the war, two regiments were formed in the city, more than 5,000 thousand Minusinsk people died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. Some researchers believe that as a result of pre-war political repressions and taking into account the townspeople who died in the war, the population was updated by almost 75%. According to the first post-war census in 1959, 38,318 people lived in the city.
In subsequent years, small industrial artels of the post-war years were re-equipped and reconstructed into factories and plants. The Metalist plant, a furniture, shoe repair and clothing factory offered many new jobs. In 1967, the population of Minusinsk increased to 42,000. The development of the city is largely connected with the trust "Minusinskneftegazrazvedka", which built a lot of housing and social and cultural facilities - a sports complex, the club "Geolog". In 1979, the city had 56,361 inhabitants. The population has increased due to the influx from the central regions of the country.
Modernity
The rapid growth of the population in the first half of the 80s is associated with the creation of an electrical complex, factories of high-voltage vacuum circuit breakers and special technological equipment were built. In 1987 the number of inhabitantsreached 72,000 people. The population of Minusinsk reached its maximum (74,400 people) in 1992. In subsequent years, the number of residents of the city generally decreased. In the post-Soviet period, the structure of the economy has changed significantly, now the population is offered jobs at a woodworking plant, agro-industry, and small and medium-sized businesses. The city had 68,309 residents in 2016.
