The name of this picturesque river, translated from the Turkic language, means "a river flowing between the hills." Cheptsa is a natural reservoir flowing through the territories of the Perm Territory, Udmurtia and the Kirov Region of Russia. This is a tributary. Vyatka, belonging to the basin of the great Volga.
The article presents some information about the Cheptsa River: where it flows, what are the features, hydrology, etc.
On the origin of the name
According to some sources, the name of the Chepets arose after the appearance of the Old Russian population in the lower reaches of the river - at the end of the 12th century.
In fact, there are many versions of the origin of this name of the watercourse. Folk etymology connects the origin of such a hydronym with Catherine the Great, who allegedly dropped her cap into the river while crossing it. Researcher-historian Luppov P. N. assumed that the name of the river Cheptsa was brought to these places with Russian settlers. It is "identical" with the name of the river flowing into the lake near the ancient principality of Belozersky. The name of the Cap is not explained in any way by either Finno-Ugric or Udmurt.
The most likely version - the name came from the ancientRussian language, from the root "chain" (tsepiti-, tsepati-), meaning "split, cling, split", and passed into the dialect "chep". As a result, the word "cap" was formed with the help of the suffix "tsa". Probably in ancient times, the mouth of the river was really "split", as evidenced by the preserved oxbow lakes today.
Description of the river
The river is 501 km long, the basin has an area of almost 20,400 square meters. km. The source of the Cheptsa River is located on the slopes of the Verkhnekamskaya Upland, and flows into the Vyatka in the city of Kirovo-Chepetsk, being in all respects its largest tributary. The most important tributaries of the Chepts are Loza, Kosa, Svyatitsa, Lekma and Ubyt. There are more than 500 lakes in the basin with a total area of 26.6 sq. kilometers.
The river in its lower reaches crosses the Vyatsky Uval. Most of the basin is flat. Ravine and slope erosion is quite developed. The composition of the vegetation cover is dominated by taiga dark coniferous plants. Forests occupy more than 46% of the basin area.
The riverbed is meandering. The banks of the bends, concave in shape, are eroded at a rate of about 50 meters per year. The width of the channel is 30–40 meters, the depth at low water is approximately 2 meters.
In administrative terms, the river begins near the village of Ignatievo in the Perm region, and then the direction takes to the northwest. Then, in Udmurtia, the Cheptsa River flows through the northern part of the territory of the republic. The lower course belongs to the Kirov region, where the mouth of the watercourse is located.
Current pattern
Characteristicfor the Cheptsa River, there are rather sharp changes in the direction of the flow and a large sinuosity almost along its entire length. Due to the presence of a flat relief, the watercourse mostly flows through a vast valley with gentle slopes.
In the lower reaches narrowed and widened sections alternate at intervals of 1-5 km. There are many riffles on the river.
Localities
There are numerous rural and settlement settlements on the banks of the Cheptsa River: Debesy, Malaya Cheptsa, Varni, Ozon, Gordyar, Cheptsa, Kamennoe Zadelye, Balezino, Dizmino, Ust-Lekma, Yar, Elovo, Bobyli, Kosino, Zyryanovo, Kordyaga, Chepetsky, Wolf, Ryakhi, Krivobor, Nizovtsy, Unity, He alth Resort, Ilyinskoye.
Located on the banks and the city - Glazov (Udmurtia) and Kirovo-Chepetsk in the Kirov region.
Hydrology
Multi-year average water consumption in the lower reaches of the Cheptsa River is 124 cubic meters. meters per second. Food is mostly snowy. The water regime belongs to the Eastern European type with spring floods, as well as winter and summer-autumn low water. The volume of the maximum water flow is 2720 cubic meters. meters per second. The freezing of the river occurs in November, the opening period is April-May.
Water in its chemical composition belongs to the calcium group and hydrocarbonate class. Its quality largely depends on the flow of agricultural and municipal wastewater.
In conclusion
WaterThe rivers Cheptsa are used for water supply of settlements. It is navigable only in the lower reaches for 135 kilometers. The river is popular among rafting enthusiasts. This pond is also attractive for lovers of fishing. The most diverse fish are found in the river: tench, bream, roach, sabrefish, perch, catfish, pike perch, pike and many others. others
