How many places do you know where you can not only visit the museum, having studied the writer's work, but also feel the creative atmosphere in which the great works of Maxim Gorky were created: "At the Bottom", "Mother" and many others, no less great works? Would you like to see and feel the atmosphere in which Maxim Gorky wrote his works?
Legendary Maxim Gorky
What do we know about the landlord? Today, the Gorky Museum-Apartment in Moscow is located on Malaya Nikitskaya Street and is dedicated to the memory of Maxim Gorky. Let's talk more about the personality of the writer.
The real name is Alexei Maksimovich Peshkov, we all know him under the creative pseudonym Maxim Gorky. The future writer was born in the city of Kanavino, Nizhny Novgorod province, on March 28, 1868, in a family of shipbuilders. Alexei Peshkov's father and mother died early, after which Alexei moved to live with his grandfather. From an early age, little Alexei had to go to work, because of whichhe did not receive a proper school education. Kazan University, where he wanted to enter, did not take him without primary education and without a certain amount of money, which he did not have.
After that, Maxim Gorky was carried away by the revolutionary mood and joined the ranks of the revolutionary-minded youth. But his new passion led him to arrest. After a short arrest for association with a revolutionary circle, Gorky went to the Caucasus. In the place of his stay, the writer took up self-education. After some time, Gorky returns to his homeland and begins his creative life with the story "Makar Chudra". The story was published thanks to the efforts of a familiar journalist. Alexey Peshkov publishes under the pseudonym Maxim Gorky.
The history of the creation of the pseudonym comes from the principles of a writer who promises to write only the truth without embellishment, even if it has a "bitter aftertaste". Thus began the difficult creative life of the writer.
After a while, due to political activities, Gorky moved abroad in 1906. Maxim lived for about seven years in Capri. But this was not the only trip abroad. So, after a while, Maxim Gorky, due to deteriorating he alth, leaves Russia again in 1921. But in 1932 he decides to return permanently back to his homeland, it was at that time that a ban on the exit of all citizens of the Soviet Union was introduced.
So, after the final return to his homeland, Gorky was provided by the government with a mansion for permanent residence. The writer died in 1936.
History of Gorky's mansion (museum-apartment)
The mansion, which currently houses the Gorky Museum-Apartment in Moscow, began its history in 1902 under the hand of Russian architect Fyodor Shekhtel. It was built by a fairly we althy man - Ryabushinsky S. P. The Ryabushinsky family lived in this house until 1917, until they emigrated from the country. After the departure of the main owners, the mansion passed into the possession of the city administration, which subsequently housed a publishing house, the All-Union Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries, a psychoanalytic institute and a kindergarten. In 1932, the family of Maxim Gorky moved to the mansion of S. P. Ryabushinsky. The house has been allocated as permanent housing.
After the writer's death, Maxim Gorky's wife, Nadezhda Alekseevna Peshkova, remained in the mansion. Since 1945, Nadezhda Alekseevna, the wife of Maxim Gorky, began to create a museum on the basis of the mansion in which she lived. The museum was created on a gratuitous basis and was opened in 1965.
Address of the museum-apartment
The Gorky Memorial Apartment Museum in Moscow is located at the address: Malaya Nikitskaya Street, 6/2. The museum can be reached by metro and get off at the stations: Arbatskaya, Barrikadnaya, Pushkinskaya, Chekhovskaya and Tverskaya.
Museum opening hours
The Gorky Memorial Apartment Museum in Moscow is open from Wednesday to Sunday. Opening hours: from 11:00 am to 17:30 pm. Monday and Tuesday are days off. The opening hours of the Gorky House Museum in Moscow are built according to European standards with a focus on tourists.
Interesting excursions
A lot of excursions take place in the museum-apartment of A. M. Gorky in Moscow. The topics of excursions are most often associated with:
- creativity of Maxim Gorky;
- house architecture;
- home history;
- the history of the creation of the writer's works.
The exposition of the house has been restored from the thirties of the twentieth century. The atmosphere is completely recreated from the time of Maxim Gorky.
Interesting facts of the museum-apartment
You can talk as much as you like about the history of the mansion until you learn interesting facts related to the Maxim Gorky Museum-Apartment and history:
there is a large library of Maxim Gorky in the house;
- the entire exposition has been restored since the time of Maxim Gorky in the thirties of the twentieth century, up to the fact that the furniture was restored;
- in the evening or cloudy weather, you can see how the patterns in the chapel radiate light, it all looks more than mysterious;
- interestingly, Maxim Gorky himself lived on the first floor, and his family separately from him on the second;
- later historians found out that the writer's state of he alth did not allow him to climb the steep stairs to the second floor, so he lived on the first floor;
- construction of the mansion began in 1900, when the young millionaire Ryabushinsky S. P. was only 26 years old;
- the mansion has a secret Old Believer chapel, which is located in the attic of the mansard;
- herethere are unique stained-glass windows, parquet made of expensive wood, painted ceilings, beautiful chandeliers and stucco.
Important events
Important events in Russia of the 20th century are connected with the life of Maxim Gorky. In the 1930s, Gorky's apartment in Moscow was considered the center of culture, where literary evenings were held, which can now be compared to writers' clubs.
In this house, the son of Maxim Gorky died of pneumonia - it was the most tragic event in the writer's life. It was in this house that Maxim Gorky prepared for the All-Union Congress of Writers, where he acted as chairman of the organizing committee.
In this Gorky apartment in Moscow, such creative works as "The Life of Klim Samgin", "Egor Bulychev" and others were born.
In this house there was a meeting between Maxim Gorky and Bernard Shaw, as well as with other equally great personalities.
Description of the museum apartment
The mansion was built in Art Nouveau style. The architecture perfectly combines elements of Gothic, Moorish style and Japanese patterns. The outer walls are faced with light bricks. Floral motifs are often found.
The main secret in the architecture of the building is a secret floor, an ignorant person will not see much difference in the structure of the building.
Expositions of the museum-apartment
Currently, the entrance to the museum is located where the back exit to Spiridonovka street. The main entrance is closed. At the entrance to the house-museum of Maxim Gorky in Moscow, you pass into the hall with stairs towave to the second floor.
Everything on the first floor has a nautical theme, even the jellyfish chandelier with a turtle shade.
Door handles are made in the shape of seahorses. The mansion consists of the following rooms:
- secretary room fully furnished from the 30s;
- bedroom, where there is a bookcase for evening reading of the writer, due to the fact that the writer lived in Italy for a long time, paintings depicting the seashore of the place where Maxim Gorky lived were added to the interior;
- study is the only place where everything is furnished to the taste of the writer, Maxim Gorky loved oriental motifs, they dominate the room;
- the library is considered the most unusual room, including images of a garden with a pond;
- the canteen gathered not only the family, but also colleagues, friends of the writer.
The second floor consisted of rooms where Maxim Gorky lived with his wife and daughter. It is in this room that the works of his favorite artist Mikhail Nesterov are exhibited: "Evening on the Volga" and "Sick Girl".
The third floor consisted of an Old Believer chapel, it was planned to open a restoration department there.
Visitor reviews
Everyone who visited the museum speaks of it with the warmest words. People are amazed by the scale of the building. Someone notes that it is unusual that all museum visitors mark themselves in a special guest book, which eventually turned into a huge book of incredible size.
Many people note the unusual architecture of the mansion, the believable exposition of the life of the writer Maxim Gorky and the creative atmosphere created during the life of the author of great works.
Having visited the exposition of the museum-apartment of A. M. Gorky, many noted the unusual atmosphere of joy and positive in this mansion. There were also reviews that it was unusual to visit the place where the writer worked, where the creative life in the Soviet Union was changing before our eyes. Many, having learned that writers, whom we know as the great minds of that time, gathered in this mansion, were very proud and were glad that they had been on an excursion in this museum.
Tips for visitors
Having been on sightseeing tours at the Museum-Apartment of Maxim Gorky in Moscow, many left not only reviews, but also recommendations in the form of advice to future visitors. Most often they say that after the tour you should not leave the apartment-museum quickly, you should stop in the courtyard and sit on one of the benches in the courtyard of the house and enjoy the outside view of the mansion in the shade of trees in the summer. They also recommend going through more than one excursion in this mansion, it is worth visiting various expositions in order to study and understand the work of the writer of that time in depth, to feel what guided him while writing the next masterpiece.
To expand your horizons and knowledge about the world of literature and the work of the great writers of that time, you should plunge into their life, see the atmosphere where they worked and created. Feel the energy that spread throughout all the rooms where the writer lived. Maksim Gorky -a writer who made a revolution in the literary world of the Soviet Union. The place where he lived his last years supported and made it possible to write his works until the last day, it preserved and gave comfort and warmth to the whole family of the great writer.
