Since the region occupies a rather favorable geographical position, the economy is quite well developed here, and the industry of Novosibirsk is closely connected with neighboring industrial centers - the Omsk Region and Kemerovo. The most important transport routes pass here, which have long connected the European and Eastern regions of Russia. The extremely highly developed scientific and technical base, which is represented in particular by Akademgorodok, also has a good effect on the industry of Novosibirsk. The region is attractive for investors, therefore, with the beginning of perestroika and conversion, the industry of Novosibirsk did not suffer such significant damage as many neighboring regions.
Indicators
The social and economic development of Novosibirsk is determined by sectors of the economy, specific information about which will be presented below. First of all, Novosibirsk differs from other Siberian cities in the enterprises of the defense complex,civil engineering, agro-industrial complex with a high scientific and educational approach, transport infrastructure, both interregional and nationwide - this is what characterizes the local industry. Novosibirsk (region) generates more than twenty percent of the regional gross product with its help. The leading industries here are metalworking with the production of electrical and metallurgical equipment, instrument making, mechanical engineering, electric power industry, non-ferrous, chemical, petrochemical, ferrous metallurgy, the food industry and the production of building materials. The industry of the city of Novosibirsk is steadily developing and growing. Many positions show higher indicators for socio-economic development than the national average. For example, in 2009 the index of industrial production in Russia was 88.5%, and in Novosibirsk - 95%.
Novosibirsk supplies products of the chemical industry, mechanical engineering, as well as metals and products from them to markets, including for export. At present, the industry of Novosibirsk maintains extensive foreign economic relations with partners from ninety-seven countries of the world. These are Kazakhstan, Germany, Bulgaria, Uzbekistan, China, USA, Slovenia, South Korea, France and others. The industry of Novosibirsk and the Novosibirsk region has very significant manufacturing industries, and the largest share among them is food production - about thirty-six percent, and the production of optical, electronic andelectrical equipment - more than thirteen percent. They are followed by metallurgy with almost ten percent and manufacturing.
Engineering
One of the leading industries in the Novosibirsk region is mechanical engineering, the share of the engineering industry in the economy of Novosibirsk is huge - more than twenty-six percent. This is mainly electrical engineering - turbines and generators, steel furnaces, instrumentation and aircraft engineering, machine tool production, as well as the production of agricultural machinery and equipment. High-tech products manufactured in Novosibirsk are always in demand in the markets: these are seventy-five percent of all diagnostic tools produced in Russia, sixty percent of all X-ray machines, ninety percent of hosting virtualization software, ninety percent of devices manufactured in Russia, for liquid chromatography. And that's just medical equipment.
First of all, we need to talk about the largest specialized machine-building enterprise in Russia, OAO Sibelektroterm, which produces heavy electrothermal equipment: industrial electric furnaces that meet the most modern technical level. Deliveries are carried out both within the country, and in the CIS, and far abroad. Established back in 1945, the plant has grown from the design and installation enterprise "Sibpromelektropech" and has become one of the best manufacturers in the worldelectric arc furnaces, electric arc units for steel processing (ladles-furnaces), ore-smelting, ore-reduction and ferroalloy electric furnaces, induction plants and furnaces. They also produce household goods. The second most important plant is considered to be the plant where machine tools and presses are produced - JSC Tyazhstankogidropress named after Efremov, which opened before the Second World War. The main products are machine tools and presses, pumps and pumping stations, aluminum profiles, castings and forgings, refractory materials, tooling for the coal mining and coke industry.
Instrument making and tools
What industry in Novosibirsk meets all the requirements of world standards? Of course, these are the products of the tool factory - JSC "NIZ" - the largest enterprise that produces metalwork, clamping, driver's tools from chromium, tool, chrome-vanadium steel with special heat treatment to increase hardness and strength. This product has a modern design plus the most advanced technologies. The main products are all kinds of wrenches, drill chucks, locksmith tools and their sets, as well as driver's tool sets, power tools with insulated handles and more.
And among the country's machine-tool enterprises, the oldest is OJSC "Stankosib", adjacent to the Trans-Siberian Railway, which has its own freight station and a railway siding. It's verysignificant production areas and developed infrastructure. This plant began in 1931 as an iron-copper foundry, and became Stankosib in 1991. Now its products have the widest range of applications. This includes woodworking, metalworking equipment, and even plastic products. The nineties of the twentieth century became destructive for the whole country, and for Novosibirsk enterprises they could not pass without a trace. Almost all factories gave their space to tenants, even the leading ones - for side production, for offices, for warehouses. Dependence on state orders has brought many enterprises to the brink of extinction: factories were idle, and people were languishing from unemployment. Like other companies in the industry throughout the country, Stankosib also had a hard time.
Instrument Plant
The Federal State Unitary Enterprise PO "NPZ" - the Novosibirsk Instrument-Making Plant - survived in difficult years, since no one began to engage in optical and optoelectronic instrumentation before him. It is even older - the plant was built in Riga in 1905 as optical workshops, and evacuated to Siberia during the Great Patriotic War. Almost all sighting and observation equipment available in the equipment of the Russian troops is made here. Since the beginning of the seventies, a research institute has been operating at the plant, dealing with optical systems - SNIIOS.
The structure also includes foundry, optical, precision steel casting, injection molding, rubber goods, injection molding machines,electroplating and much more. Weapons and special products, night and day optics, sights, optical-mechanical devices and telescopes are manufactured here. Image intensifier tubes of the second and third generation, programmable microcomputers, thermal imaging and television equipment are being developed here, the information of which is processed using optoelectronic systems. This enterprise has long and closely cooperated with the largest enterprises of the Russian Federation and foreign countries.
History of industry in Novosibirsk
The region's reserves of mineral and raw materials are quite limited - no more than twenty species, most of which are not subject to industrial development. However, there is a mining industry in Novosibirsk, mainly related to building materials - gravel, stone, sand, marble, limestone, clay, shale. The north of the region is richer, not only peat is mined there, but also oil, gas, coal, including valuable anthracite. Gold deposits are insignificant. Neighboring regions were lucky with minerals, which Novosibirsk supplies with processing machines, furnaces, mining equipment and all kinds of tools.
Leading enterprises: NAPO named after Chkalov JSC, which manufactures Su-34 bombers, FSUE NMZ Iskra, which manufactures modern non-electric blasting systems, NPO Sibselmash JSC with its Sib- Don", harrows BD-10B and BDT 7A, FSUE PO "Sever", where devices for cars are produced. Corporation LLC is also the main enterprise in the regionNZ "Electrosignal", from where VAZ receives speed sensors, as well as small-sized radio stations, digital and analog communications for other enterprises; JSC "Berdsk Electromechanical Plant", which produces parts and components of equipment for the mining industry and mines, as well as electromechanical power steering for VAZ. These are far from all industrial enterprises of all-Russian significance located in Novosibirsk and the region. The entire city and regional economy is based on machine building, car building, and aircraft manufacturing.
But there are various industries that do not sound so powerful, but bring great benefits. Is it possible to compare the "Westfalika" and the NZHK, which covers the whole of Siberia, with its nuclear fuel? And the food industry of Novosibirsk deserves a separate weighty word. But not the whole industry can be presented in iridescent colors.
Power industry
First of all, it should be noted JSC "Novosibirskenergo", an enterprise that provides energy to the entire region, despite the fact that this system is scarce in terms of capacity, and its deficiency is covered by the flow from the interconnections of the Siberian unified energy system. There are only five thermal power plants and one hydroelectric power station. Power plants run on coal and produce most of the heat and electricity.
Petrochemical and chemical industry
In Novosibirsk, this industry is represented by:
- JSC "Sibtekhgaz named afterKima", where gaseous and liquid technical, as well as medical oxygen, argon, nitrogen, gas mixtures are produced.
- JSC "Sibiar", which produces aerosol cans, perfumes and cosmetics.
- JSC "Khimplast", producing PVC films, pipes and tapes, plastic compounds, fluoroplastic rods.
- JSC Rare Metals Plant, which produces various high-purity compounds - s alts of cesium, lithium, rubidium, indium, gallium, bismuth and other rare earth elements, as well as a number of metals.
- Novosibirskagropromkhimiya produces fertilizers and plant protection products.
- LLC "Sigma-Siberia" supplies raw materials to the chemical, cosmetic and pharmacological industries of the country, and the food industry of Novosibirsk also uses citric and ascorbic acid.
- Polymer Technologies LLC produces polyethylene films and bags.
JSC "Novosibirsk Plant of Chemical Concentrates" has no fame: it is the largest Russian enterprise producing nuclear fuel for research and power reactors, producing lithium and its compounds. This plant was opened in September 1948 and began to produce, in addition to nuclear fuel, uranium powders, fuel pellets, metallic uranium and other uranium products. Further, the production of disinfectants, industrial hydrogen, complex tools for tooling and molds, high-precision springs of various sizes and much more was mastered.
Products of "NKhZK" are consumedmore than two hundred enterprises of our country and foreign partners. A feature of the city is Akademgorodok, which is the scientific center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, dozens of institutes of which are developing technological routes for the development of a greater number of enterprises in Novosibirsk.
Food industry
Novosibirsk food industry enterprises are almost entirely based on local raw materials. JSC Novosibkhleb, JSC Khlebokombinat Voskhod, JSC Novosibirsk Meat-Packing Plant, Federal State Unitary Enterprise Novosibirskkrybkhoz, JSC Albumin and JSC Siberian Milk (a branch of Wimm-Bill-Dann) are leaders here. The first enterprise in the list is a modern bakery association, where long-term fermentation technologies are used and multi-shift operation is practiced.
A quarter of all bakery and confectionery products are supplied to the city and region from this enterprise, and this product is included in the list of "One Hundred Best Goods of Russia". Bakery "Voskhod" has been baking for more than eighty years, and therefore the technologies have been worked out and do not deviate from them. In Novosibirsk, the share of sales of its products exceeds thirty percent. Bread is still prepared according to classic national recipes in accordance with GOST, the assortment of muffins and bakery products is the widest: wheat, tin, rustic, hearth, rye, rye-wheat, grain and cereal, baguettes, loaves. Especially famousmuffin.
JSC NZK
JSC "Novosibirsk Meat-Packing Plant" is the largest and oldest enterprise in Siberia engaged in meat processing. This is a huge holding, which includes a raw material plant, two meat processing plants, biological preparations plants and a cannery, its own trading network - a branded, very branched one, as well as many branches engaged in harvesting in the Novosibirsk region.
Also, the plant has excellent social, economic, technical services with their own infrastructure. Here the most complete production cycle is carried out - from slaughter to the manufacture and sale of finished products. Local semi-finished products and hematogen made according to traditional recipes are also famous. A wide range of meat delicacies is produced.
Light industry of Novosibirsk
Federal network, represented by the Obuv Rossii group of companies, can open a list of light industry enterprises in the region. In 1993, Westfalika shoes appeared in Novosibirsk, which fell in love with the inhabitants due to German quality, classic style, comfort and fashionable details. Now all production lines are based on our own production of purely natural fur and leather. The assortment is steadily expanding: in addition to men's, women's and children's shoes, leather goods, shoe care products, bags, and hosiery are produced here.
The second one can be called a company"DA-opt", engaged in the supply of fabrics and non-woven materials from China, as well as its own production of knitwear - shirts, sweatshirts and the like. Products are produced using silk-screen printing, sublimation, automated embroidery.
Priz women's clothing factory is one of Russia's largest clothing enterprises, and Trans-Prom is a leading supplier of protective equipment, overalls, safety shoes in the Far East and Siberia. The light industry of Novosibirsk in the field of leather and fur products is represented by the Fur Pole company, which produces women's coats and hats.
