What is a ship? This is one of the types of ships. Ships are either sailing ships of a multi-masted type, or a ship of the armed forces of a country, which has a state flag and military weapons. A warship is designed to solve certain combat missions both in wartime and in peacetime. The size of such a vessel is always significant. The essence of the ship is rather ambiguous, due to the different interpretations of this term.
History of the concept
To answer the question of what a ship is, it is necessary to understand the origin of this concept. The term has an ancient origin. It is found in early Russian chronicles. There are rock paintings of sailing ships. The word itself could appear independently of other words, or come from one of the close ones in sound, for example, from the Spanish "carabel", the Greek "carabos" or the Italian "caravel". Perhaps the ancestor of the term is the Russian word "box", which was the name of the shuttle of the ancientSlavs, made from rods sheathed in leather or tree bark.
During the time of Peter the Great, only sea vessels began to be called a ship, and river vessels were called “ships”. Currently, this term is more often used to refer to military sea vessels, as well as space aircraft (spacecraft).
Thus, the question of what a ship is was answered differently at different times.
Sailboats
The concept of "ship" necessarily includes classic sailing boats. They are called large sailing ships, most often three-masted or multi-masted with direct sails. Such ships differ in purpose, architectural features, types of weapons. Currently, this type of ships is not used as a vehicle, so the sailboats remained only in the form of museum exhibits.
Warship
In the naval armed forces, any self-propelled vessels with weapons are called ships. These include not only classic surface cruisers, but also submarines, boats, etc.
A warship is a combat unit adopted by the army of a particular country, which is capable (both independently and together with other warships) of solving a particular combat mission.
Now a warship is an armed vessel in the armed forces of a state that meets the criteria of the Geneva Convention on the High Seas and the United Nations ConventionNations (UN). Mandatory components of such vessels are: the presence of identification marks, weapons, crew, military officer, military discipline. Warship protected from foreign jurisdiction.
In accordance with the Ship Charter of the Navy of the Armed Forces of the USSR, a warship means the ship itself and the crew, which is called personnel.
Building a surface ship
A sea surface ship is a complex self-propelled engineering structure. It is based on a steel waterproof case. Inside there are residential and service premises, various mechanisms, cellars, containers for fuel, oils, water, boxes for anchors. Masts, pipes, structures and mechanisms, as well as basic superstructures are located above the hull.
According to the location of superstructures, ships are divided into the following types:
- smooth-deck, where, in addition to the deck, there are only wheelhouses;
- single-island, where there is one type of superstructure, for example, stern;
- two-island, where there are 2 types of add-ons out of three possible, for example, middle and bow;
- three-island, where there are all three types of superstructures: bow, middle and stern. The first is also called a bak, and the last is a yut.
Airship
Aircraft are aircraft that are kept in the atmosphere due to the specific interaction with the air. The concept of "airship" is not very popular, so they are often called aircraft.
All aircraft (vessels) are divided into manned andunmanned. In total, 17 types of air and other aircraft are distinguished, including an airplane, helicopter, balloon, airship, glider, rotorcraft and other even rarer types.
Spaceship
It is understood as a manned aircraft, designed primarily for space travel. The very first in the history of cosmonautics was the Vostok-1 manned spacecraft, on which the first cosmonaut in history, Yuri Gagarin, circled the Earth at the first cosmic speed.
The biggest problems and risks for the crew are associated with the period of takeoff and landing, which is not yet well developed and can cause tragedies and material damage. Therefore, the profession of "cosmonaut" is still very risky.
The airtight conditions necessary for life are created inside the spacecraft.
Through the history of mankind, a large number of various aircraft have been used.
Conclusion
Thus, the article answered the question of what a ship is. Although it is not always possible to answer it unambiguously. The history of the term "ship", its modern interpretation and types of ships were also considered. The meaning of this word at different times varied quite a lot.
