One of the largest industrialized cities in Ukraine is Kharkiv. It is a beautiful city with a rich history. There are many attractions that are of interest not only to specialists in the field of history and architecture, but also to tourists.
Like many southern cities, Kharkov is famous for its huge amount of green spaces. There are 150 squares, 5 gardens and more than 30 parks here. Today we will present you the most popular parks in Kharkiv with addresses, reviews.
"Ukrainian Disneyland" (Sumska st., 81)
That's how Kharkiv residents call the Central Park of Culture and Recreation. M. Gorky. Until 1919, it was called the Nikolaevsky (or Country) Park, after the revolution it became the Communal Park, nevertheless, at all times it was considered the main city park.
Its territory is huge - more than 130 hectares. In the south, it is limited by Vesnina Street and the buildings of the former rocket school. Sumskaya street borders the park in the east. An elite private village adjoins the park area from the north. The first trees in this area were planted in 1895, and aftertwelve years old, when they grew up a little, the grand opening of the park took place. The layout of the alleys was reminiscent of the Bois de Boulogne: the Chestnut and Lime alleys were combined with each other and were intended for horse riding.
In 1932, the area of the park was increased to 130 hectares. In 1938, after the death of M. Gorky, the park was named after him. At that time, there was already a fairly developed infrastructure, which was almost completely lost during the Great Patriotic War and gradually restored in the post-war years.
Recovery
In 1952, a colonnade appeared at the entrance to the park. Its authors were the architects E. A. Svyatchenko, A. G. Krynkin. The monument to Gorky was erected in 1980. The fountain at the end of the main alley was restored in 2007. In the composition of the park, preference was given to group plantings. Contrasting types of trees were used: emerald larches and light birches, red oak and pines, silvery maples set off pedunculate oaks. In addition, there are many flowering shrubs.
Kharkov's parks are beautiful at any time of the year. In summer, they amaze with a variety of colors, and in autumn they delight with the gold of plants preparing for winter rest. Many citizens and guests of the city are sure that Gorky Park is especially beautiful in winter, when the ground is wrapped in a white blanket. The southern part of it is distinguished by elements of a regular layout. Alleys were planted here, group plantings were created, magnificent flower beds were laid out, and in 1977 the memorial complex of Glory was opened.
Parks and squares of Kharkiv today are the favorite places for recreation of citizens. Guests of the city also visit them with pleasure. Both adults and children feel comfortable here. On the territory of the park. Gorky, many attractions have been built, the Park cinema is open, kids can ride the children's railway or ride with adults on a cable car. Sports grounds and tennis courts have been built for outdoor enthusiasts.
Artyom Park (134 Plekhanovskaya str.)
Parks in Kharkiv amaze guests with their size. This array is one of the largest in the city. It is located in the Artyom district, which (like the park) was named after the revolutionary Fyodor Sergeev, who bore the party pseudonym Comrade Artyom.
The laying of the park took place in 1934. Its formation continued for three years (1934-1937). Architects Yu. V. Ignatovsky and V. I. Dyuzhikh, as well as dendrologists K. D. Kobezsky and A. I. Kolesnikova worked on the project.
The park covers an area of 100 hectares. Crimean linden is planted along most of the alleys. In addition to it, common quince, poplars, common hawthorn, three-thorned locust and many fruit trees grow here. In the west, the park borders on the Balashovka district, in the south it is adjacent to the village of Artyoma.
Children's park (Plekhanovskaya street)
Of course, not all parks occupy such vast territories. The city of Kharkiv is large in size, but very popularChildren's park. It is bounded by Rustaveli Street, Plekhanovskaya Street, Nikitinsky Pereulok and Rudnev Square. This park is closed from the roadway and fenced around the entire perimeter, which makes it a great place for parents and children to relax. Between the alleys there are ping-pong tables, a football field and a mini-football field. Behind the net is a dog training area.
The main decoration of the park is a three-tiered fountain equipped with a water circulation system. He is the only one in town.
Botanical Garden (52 Klochkovskaya St.)
Some parks and gardens in Kharkiv are of national importance. First of all, these include the Botanical Garden of Kharkiv University. VN Karazina. Even before the opening of the university, a small botanical garden on an area of 450 square meters was created on this land. fathoms. In 1804, at the request of the first trustee of the educational district of Kharkov, Count S. O. Pototsky, a vast territory of about thirty acres was allocated to the university for a botanical garden. The university acquired part of the land in the care of Kantemir (Kantemirovsky Garden), part was provided free of charge by the military inhabitants, and another part was bought from them for money. On this land, the Upper, or English, garden was organized. It was intended for public celebrations, and the lower one became a botanical garden.
Further development
After 1917, the university garden (today - Shevchenko City Garden) was alienated fromuniversity. The greenhouse for the Victoria regia and the fence around the botanical garden were destroyed. At that time, many valuable shrubs and trees were destroyed, the vegetation of granite and chalk outcrops, sand and steppe areas were destroyed.
In the twenties of the last century, the area of the garden decreased. He several times passed from one departmental subordination to another and repeatedly found himself on the verge of closure. However, in 1930 the Scientific Research Institute of Botany began its work, and the park was attached to it.
Ten years later (in 1940) the botanical garden was separated from the Institute of Botany, recognizing it as an independent structural unit in the university system.
Botanical Garden today
Today the famous garden is located on two territories with an area of almost forty-two hectares. It has five research departments in its structure. The main directions of their activity are the study of the ontogeny of rare specimens of the country's natural flora and the biological characteristics of endangered and rare species of Ukraine's flora.
Garden them. Shevchenko
All Kharkov parks are original and unique. It is impossible to recognize the sights of Kharkov without knowing the history of these green spaces. Shevchenko Park is a recognized symbol of the city, its decoration.
Its history began in 1804, when the first trees were planted on this territory by the founder of Kharkiv University V. N. Karazin, after whom the higher educational institution is named.
The garden organically blended into the existing oakgrove, which in those days was on the outskirts of Kharkov. At first it was called "University".
Sculptural compositions
Many parks in Kharkiv are decorated with beautiful sculptures. But Shevchenko's garden is especially famous for this. Very close to the university there is a monument to its founder - V. N. Karazin. On the central alley you can see the work of the sculptor M. G. Manizer - a monument to T. G. Shevchenko. In Soviet times, this monument was the largest in the republic.
Citizens have created a beautiful tradition: if you touch the thumb of one of the Cossacks from the sculptural composition and at that time make a secret wish, it will certainly come true.
Victory Square (Sumskaya St., 30)
Squares and parks of Kharkiv were often laid down for some significant events. For example, Victory Square appeared in the city in the spring of 1946. It was created in honor of the victory over the Nazis in the Great Patriotic War.
Earlier, there was a trolleybus depot on this place, and until the 1930s, the Mironositskaya Church. It should be noted that the square was created by Kharkiv residents, who took a very responsible approach to the restoration of the destroyed city and devoted a lot of time to its decoration and improvement.
A year after the creation of the square, a fountain with a gazebo "Mirror Stream" was opened here. Much later, an alley dedicated to the heroes of the Komsomol, who died heroically in the fight against the Nazis, appeared here.
Square of the Eternal Flame (12 Universitetskaya str.)
This park is located on the university hill. It is dedicated to the defenders of the city who fell during the war. The square was created in 1957, before that there were buildings of official places that were destroyed during the bombing.
Teatralny Square (Sumskaya St., 10)
This square is also called Poetic. It was founded back in 1876. Today it is a pedestrian zone between Pushkinskaya and Sumskaya streets. In the east, the square overlooks Poetry Square, which is why it has such a second name. There are monuments on both sides of the square: a bronze bust of A. S. Pushkin and a bust of N. V. Gogol.
Reviews of tourists
Kharkiv's parks are always of great interest to city guests, regardless of the purpose of their visit (business trip or leisure). According to travelers, it is impossible to see all the green spaces and get to know them in detail in one trip. All squares, gardens, parks in Kharkov have their own characteristics, interesting stories. Everyone who has already been to this city believes that city residents have the right to be proud of their parks and squares, which are in excellent condition.
