Museum-apartment, house-museum, museum-estate: description, examples

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:47

Museum from the point of view of antiquity - the sanctuary of the Muses, Muzeon (museion), but in modern times this concept has lost its original such a broad meaning. The place where people were engaged in sciences, arts, literature received a different cultural context: these are monuments from ancient times and works of art, samples by which you can study the natural world, all sorts of rarities and curiosities, collected in a single exposition for viewing by everyone. The museum-apartment is usually not created as a collecting institution. They preserve personal belongings, household items, furniture and the spirit of that outstanding person to whom this place of memory is dedicated. Almost every big city has more than one such apartment museum.

Capital cities

The most talented people with a bright mind and a bright destiny are concentrated in every major cultural and educational center. Therefore, such a form as a museum-apartment,particularly well represented in both capitals.

Here you can get an idea about the life of a famous person, see the things that surrounded him, here remains the atmosphere of a bygone time and even that spirit or that muse that hovered next to a brilliant person when he worked or rested. This fully applies to such museum forms as a museum-apartment, a house-museum, a museum-estate.

Pushkin, Zoshchenko and others

It should be noted that often the furnishings of the museum-apartment are not authentic, everything is recreated according to the style of the era, based on various kinds of documents. This is how the museum-apartment of Pushkin was created on the Moika Embankment, although there are many artifacts that belonged to the poet personally. However, he lived in this apartment for a short time and for a very long time, it is now almost impossible to restore the decoration of his chambers. But Princess Volkonskaya and Duke Biron lived in the same house at a different time.

And here is another small museum. The apartment in St. Petersburg, dedicated to the life and work of Mikhail Zoshchenko, has not been touched by time - they keep all the objects and the interior intact and in absolute authenticity, these are completely the same things that surrounded the writer and his family a little less than a hundred years ago. Also in St. Petersburg you can join the culture of the widest profile: there are preserved dwellings not only of writers: Blok, Nabokov, Gumilyov, Nekrasov, Brodsky and others, but also Chaliapin, Rimsky-Korsakov, academician Pavlov, actors Samoilovs and many other outstanding personalities of different kindactivities. In the Northern capital, you can find any form of such as a museum-apartment, a house-museum, a museum-estate. There are more than forty of the latter in St. Petersburg alone, and all of them are interesting. This city loves its past very much.

Moscow

In Moscow, there are about forty memorial apartments waiting for visitors, so many extraordinary personalities lived in our capital. Here, too, there are many forms of museums dedicated to people who influenced the history of not only the city and the country, but the whole world. Exhibited are not so much objects as the spirit of the time in which certain great deeds were accomplished.

For example, the museum-apartment on the Arbat is dedicated to M. Yu. Lermontov. On Tverskaya you can visit the memorial museum-workshop of the great sculptor S. T. Konenkov. F. M. Dostoevsky has a very atmospherically preserved apartment museum on the street named after him, the house-museum of the excellent playwright A. N. Ostrovsky is located on Ordynka.

In the center of Moscow

You can take a walk in Khamovniki, on Leo Tolstoy Street. There is a wonderful museum-estate of this writer. But the street of Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy was renamed Spiridonovka, but the writer's dwelling has been perfectly preserved and invites everyone. Walking through the center of the capital, people can read on almost every house: a museum-apartment, a house-museum, a museum-estate. However, there are a lot of such interesting sights on the outskirts.

On weekends, museum-apartments in Moscow usually receive a lot of visitors. ATsome you can even drink coffee, as, for example, on Bolshaya Sadovaya, at M. A. Bulgakov's. Very often a museum-apartment, a house-museum, a museum-estate - almost all names can be substituted - are used as concert venues. Magnificent chamber musicians, for example, are welcomed at the memorial museum of M. N. Yermolova on Tverskoy Boulevard.

Korolev, Stanislavsky, Herzen and other great people

Museum-apartments in Moscow are too numerous to tell about all, although I really want to. Not far from the South Entrance of VDNKh is a wonderful house-museum, where the very atmosphere is permeated with space, which Academician S. P. Korolev gave to mankind. And in the very center of the city, in Leontievsky Lane, there is the dwelling of K. S. Stanislavsky, where concerts and performances for the public are a common thing.

In the dwelling of A. I. Herzen near Smolenskaya Square, visitors may not be prompted, "What to do?", but they will certainly tell, "Who is to blame?" The museum-apartment, the name of absolutely any, always leads the visitor not only to new knowledge, but also to the discovery of some reserved corners of the soul.

On Novinsky Boulevard you can visit the building where F. I. Chaliapin lived, on I. V. Kurchatov Square - the dwelling of the outstanding atomic physicist, academician P. L. Kapitsa, which has survived to this day. M. V. Keldysh and V. N. Vinogradov are also one of those many people about whom you always want to know more, these memorable places are never empty. Therefore, such institutions as a museum-apartment, a house-museum, a museum-estate are being created, the names of which speak for themselves, that the people are interested in the heroes who have come out of their ranks.

Homesteads

Moscow and the Moscow region are famous for the fact that there is no problem of a pleasant and useful weekend, except perhaps the problem of choice. If the soul wants not only architectural beauties and a creative atmosphere, but also proximity to nature, there is always the opportunity to visit the museum-estate, of which there are many.

What is a museum-estate? According to V. I. Dahl, a manor (otherwise a manor) is a manor house in the countryside, with a garden, a kitchen garden and all the cares. And the museum suggests that the former owners of the estate have many talents or an extraordinary fate.

Dubrovitsy

At the top of the hill in Dubrovitsy there is a baroque temple, which is absolutely uncharacteristic for Russian architecture. This is a must-see item. Here's a photo first. The Church of the Sign of the Most Holy Theotokos is amazingly beautiful. It was not in vain that Prince Golitsyn entrusted its construction not only to Polish, Swedish, German and Dutch masters, but also to the famous Domenico Trezzini (his previous work was the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg). At other times, the Potemkins owned this estate.

The manor palace was also originally conceived and even built in the Baroque style, but in the nineteenth century it was rebuilt in the classical style: three-story, with terraces, covered galleries and balconies. Nearby are four wings for servants and clergy. The interior decoration of the house is magnificent, especially the Armorial Hall. Foreign ambassadors and even the Romanovs themselves were frequent guests here. A visitor experiences a very interesting feeling when he imagines that Russian sovereigns used to pass along the same corridor, along the same parquet. Many films were filmed here, for example, "Monte Cristo".

Serednikovo

This estate was created at the most favorable time, one might say, in the golden age of Russian construction of manor houses. The Stolypins owned it, and since the grandmother of M. Yu. Lermontov was from this family, the glory of the estate is associated with the name of the poet, although here, for example, the outstanding reformer P. A. Stolypin spent all his childhood and youth. Subsequently, such celebrities as Rachmaninov and Chaliapin spent a lot of time here.

The architectural style is very light and romantic, historical interiors are preserved in the Parade House. The park is very good for landscape painters, because even those who have never held a brush in their hand here, because of the magnificence of the views, really want to master this art. There is a film city with the scenery of England three centuries ago. The films "Servant of the Sovereigns", "Admiral", "Lermontov", "Poor Nastya" and many others were filmed here.

Arkhangelsk

This estate was known back in the time of Ivan the Terrible, but the ensemble, both architectural and park, is now presented in the classicism style of the eighteenth century. For the past three hundred years the Yusupovs, Odoevskys,Golitsyn.

The estate resembles French castles or Roman villas with its luxury: lawns, terraces, well-groomed alleys with many marble statues. Stairs and balustrades descending to the river, an excellent vast park with huge larch trees - there is a place here for a Muscovite to take a walk and relax after hard work. The park is considered the best in Russia. Here, since the time of Prince Nikolai Yusupov, there has been a museum in which more than four hundred paintings of Western European art alone are a very significant collection.

Kuskovo

Muscovites consider the museum-estate Kuskovo a park like Sokolniki, where you can have fun and culturally relax, and at the same time look at the beautiful estate on the shore. However, this opinion is incorrect. The Kuskovo forest park is in itself, and the Kuskovo estate is a museum where you can ride in a carriage, see the palace itself, the Italian and Dutch houses and the grotto - that is, its exhibits. Also on the estate there is a ceramics museum with an abundance of magnificent items, located in greenhouses - American and Big Stone.