Russia is rich in its expanses! The middle zone of our country is a truly unique territory, replete with a variety of coniferous and deciduous forests, clear rivers and crystal lakes, untouched by civilization. In addition, the local mild climate creates excellent conditions for the habitat of numerous and unique animals, as well as for the growth of certain plants here.
What is the middle zone of Russia?
The middle zone of Russia is usually called the territory of the European part of our country, characterized by a temperate continental climate. Another name for it is the Central Russian region. That is how it was called during the Soviet Union. The nature of central Russia is diverse and amazing. Some animals and plants that inhabit the European territory are practically no longer found in remote regions of our country.
What climate prevails in central Russia?
OnThe European territory of the Russian Federation has a temperate continental climate. Birds of central Russia and other animals feel very comfortable here. And this is no accident, because the winter here is snowy, but moderately frosty, and the summer is warm, but quite humid. For example, according to the hydrometeorological center of Russia, the average winter temperatures range from -8 degrees Celsius in the southwest (in the Bryansk region) to -12 in the northeast (in the Yaroslavl region). Summer temperatures can be called values from + 22 degrees Celsius (northwest, Tver region) to +28 (southeast, Lipetsk region).
Geography
What are the boundaries of this area? How wide is Russia? The middle strip of our vast country starts from the borders with Belarus (in the west) and stretches to the Volga region (in the east), as well as from the Arkhangelsk region and Karelia in the north to the Black Earth region (sometimes to the Caucasus) - in the south. It should be noted that in the north the European territory borders on the taiga strip. This border lies in the Yaroslavl, Pskov, Kostroma and Kirov regions. In the south, the middle strip borders on the forest-steppe in the Kursk, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Oryol, Penza and Tambov regions. As a rule, mixed Russian forests are allocated to the so-called subtaiga zone.
How rich is European Russia?
The middle zone of our country, of course, is rich in its unique flora. As mentioned above, these places are characterized by mixed and broad-leaved forests withdiversity of flora and fauna. The latter is represented here by various types of trees:
- sticky;
- birch;
- oak;
- ash;
- maple;
- alder;
- elm.
On the territory occupied by mixed forests, coniferous trees are added to the above-mentioned species of deciduous trees: pines, fir, spruces, larch - trees without which Russia is not Russia. The middle zone of the Russian Federation is famous for the variety of meadows. The main representatives of the meadow grass stand are:
- fescue;
- foxtail;
- clover;
- bent;
- timothy;
- sedge;
- mouse peas.
Animals of central Russia
These places are a real find for zoologists and naturalists in all areas of our lives! It should be noted that approximately 50% of the species diversity of fauna representatives live here. Many animals inhabiting the European territory of Russia were able to survive and adapt in this natural area only due to its mild climate. A great variety of various steppe and forest areas serve as a quiet haven for such ungulates as:
- bison;
- moose;
- deer;
- sheep;
- wild boars;
- noble European deer;
- roe deer.
But the animals of central Russia are not limited to its hoofed representatives. And roe deer, and wild boars, and deer, in turn, serve as food for largepredators - brown bears, raccoon dogs, wolves, wolverines and martens. Here, small living creatures (shrews, moles) live in large numbers, which are food, for example, for foxes and other birds of prey. Scientists note that the European territory of our country is inhabited by the largest population of Russian hares, hedgehogs, squirrels, voles, etc.
Reservoirs are inhabited by such fish as pike, roach, sterlet, crucian carp, ide. The European territory of our country has more than 170 species of birds, being the historical habitat of most of them. In large numbers here you can meet bullfinches, hazel grouses, woodpeckers, blackbirds. Here are the most common birds in central Russia:
- raven;
- partridge;
- swallow;
- sparrow;
- nightingale;
- crake;
- gray heron;
- pink starling;
- bustard;
- lapwing;
- toadstool;
- duck;
- sterkh;
- short owl;
- steppe eagle;
- buzzard.
Despite the fact that over 40 species of birds are hunted here and hunted annually, many of them firmly preserve their natural population due to the absence of deliberate destructive impact on nature by people.
