Chinese legal system: general information and features

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:45

It's no secret that China has established a socialist state system. It implies a clear division into classes and social groups. However, few people know that China has been adhering to such a state system since ancient times. The only difference is that today officials are at the top of the state pyramid, while in ancient times military officials ruled the state. It can be said that this was caused by the conditions of that era. Since then the power was in the hands of those who had significant power and authority.

The legal system of Ancient China: the stages of formation

With the development of tribal relations, it became necessary to choose the main figure that would unite all the tribes under his banner. The king became such a figure. The person holding this post was endowed with the highest powers. He became the largest slave owner, the commander in chief of the warriors, and played the role of the chief judge.

The power structure of Ancient China was also very specific. The king could not keep himselfpower in all regions and provinces of the state, therefore he assigned certain territories to his subjects. In turn, the leaders of individual provinces had to have a strong army to maintain power, as well as repel various attacks, which at that time were many.

Gradually, with the development of statehood, military service appeared in China, according to which every man who reached the age of 23 had to undergo military training (one year), then carry out garrison service for one year. Also, every man between the ages of 23 and 56 had to serve one month a year in the local militia units at the place of residence, which were engaged in the protection of public order.

Features of the Chinese legal system and its further development

Based on historical facts, we can safely say that in ancient times China was a real military state. And it was not participation in various local conflicts that made him a military man, but a well-formed military state system and disciplinary restrictions.

For example, consider one of the most common punishments for officials who are guilty or have broken the law. Immediately after the introduction of conscription, a military tribunal was formed, which gradually expanded the working framework and began to deal with civil cases. If the guilt of a civil servant was proven, he was sent to protect the state borders marked "untimely." This meant that the perpetrator could spend the rest of his life on the border if the courteither the king will not decide to pardon the violator.

Over time, such a preventive measure was introduced not only for officials, but also for all the guilty: thieves, swindlers, debtors and other lawbreakers. This made it possible to strengthen state borders during large-scale attacks by neighboring states.

Severe pen alties have determined the future path of development of Chinese society. Each inhabitant of the country knew that for his well-being he must dutifully work and fulfill the will of the emperor, otherwise inevitable punishment would follow. Perhaps it is thanks to the Chinese legal system that the state managed to maintain its borders and social order.

Modernity

For a long time the country was completely isolated from the outside world. This allowed her to fully preserve the cultural heritage and national values. Therefore, today the Chinese people are not much different from their distant ancestors. The Chinese still work hard and do not break the law a priori.

Moreover, it is considered bad manners even to appeal to the judiciary, unless the matter concerns the upholding of honor or dignity. China's legal system teaches residents not to go into various conflicts.

A little-known, but very interesting fact that can confirm the high discipline of the Chinese people. The popular fast food chain McDonald's has many branches in China. However, when ordering food from the car, people do not pick it up and leave, but enter the establishment and eat it.there.

The only thing you need to know about the legal system of modern China is that it provides for the death pen alty for 46 crimes. According to unconfirmed reports, about 5,000 people are executed annually in the country.

New laws, or rating system

If we analyze the development of the legal system, then the rating system is another logical step in China's path to create a unique mechanism to control society. New regulations adopted by the PRC government introduce the so-called social rating. If earlier every resident of the state was simply being monitored, now all the actions of the Chinese will be recorded in a common rating base.

For example, rating points will be deducted for each violation (even minor ones). Violate the rules of the road, throw garbage in the wrong place, or leave an angry comment on the Internet, and you will no longer be a full-fledged citizen.

Crime and instant punishment

Citizens who regularly commit misconduct form an unreliable rating. It imposes some restrictions:

• Movement restriction. With a low rating, it becomes impossible to buy a high-speed train ticket, rent a car or even a bicycle.
• Financial mistrust. No bank will issue even a small loan to a resident with a low social rating.
• The situation becomes more complicated if a person with a low social rating does not have a job. In this case, the search for at least someworkplace becomes a real hell.

How to earn rating?

If a person has no desire to become the dregs of society, he will have to work on his social reputation. The easiest way to improve your rating is to help friends and acquaintances. Engaging in social activities also brings considerable benefits.

But the most effective way to "pump" your social level is to follow the orders of the party. The Chinese also use a small life hack - they write denunciations, which also adds points to the rating. In large cities, there are even departments that deal with the reception and consideration of denunciations.

In short, China's legal system is a centuries-old mechanism for the effective management of society in order to preserve morality, culture and public order.