Literary places in Russia. Great Russian writers and poets

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:42

Literary places in Russia are an object of pilgrimage for many admirers of the talent of famous poets and writers. Where, if not here, do you feel the spirit of their works, do you begin to understand your favorite literary figure? Particularly reverent are excursions to literary places in Russia, where writers and poets spent their childhood and youth. After all, this is the cradle of the formation of their talent, worldview and attitude, which are reflected in subsequent work. Such, for example, are the family estates of L. N. Tolstoy, I. S. Turgenev, N. A. Nekrasov.

Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum

Tsarskoye Selo can be called a real forge of talents of the 19th century. It was from under the wing of this educational institution that A. S. Pushkin, V. K. Kuchelbeker, I. I. Pushchin, M. E. S altykov-Shchedrin and many other politicians and artists came out.

Founded in 1811 by order of Alexander I, the lyceum was supposed to train the elite of the future Russian society. For six years of study, young people received an excellent education, equal to a university one.

Of course, the most famous student that Tsarskoe Selo knew was A. S. Pushkin. This is where he startswrite poems, still imitating Zhukovsky, Batyushkov and French romantic poets. And at the same time, the originality of the future genius is already revealed here.

The period of study is associated with another significant event in the life of the poet. It was at this time that his first small work, “To a Poet Friend,” was published. Graduates always remembered the years of study with warmth, sincerely worried about the fate of their favorite institution.

At the moment, the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum is a functioning institution where you can see with your own eyes the poet's room (he called it a cell), as well as the place of study and final exam, where Pushkin amazed eminent teachers with the talent.

A. S. Pushkin: Mikhailovskoye

I would like to tell you about two more places associated with the genius of Pushkin. The first is Mikhailovskoye. This is the family estate of the poet's mother, erected by his grandfather Hannibal on Pskov land.

Connoisseurs of Pushkin's work, and just readers, having been here, note that the pictures of the nature of many works seem to have been written off by the skillful hand of the artist from these places. For the first time, the poet gets acquainted with the measured village life immediately after graduating from the Lyceum, in 1817. Pushkin is immediately fascinated by the beauty of the surrounding world and the dimension that prevails here.

Later, in 1824, he will be sent here into exile, during which many masterpieces will come out from the pen of a genius. "Boris Godunov", "Arap of Peter the Great", almost the entire novel "Eugene Onegin" were written during these years.

Even after the hated exile, Pushkin returns here again and again for inspiration, because it was in Mikhailovsky that heespecially feels his poetic gift. The last visit to the estate is associated with a tragic event - the funeral of his mother, and a few months after that, the poet himself dies in a duel.

His grave is also here, in Mikhailovsky.

Boldino

Boldino autumn… This period of Pushkin's life was marked by an unprecedented creative upsurge, which he felt while staying in Boldino, the family estate. His forced trip on the eve of the wedding with Natalya Goncharova was delayed due to the cholera epidemic raging in St. Petersburg. Inspired by the future family life, the poet is at the highest peak of inspiration. Here he finishes "Eugene Onegin", writes most of the "Little Tragedies", "The Tale of the Priest and His Worker Balda", as well as "Belkin's Tale".

These literary places in Russia must be visited by all who admire the genius of the great Pushkin.

M. Y. Lermontov: Pyatigorsk

There are places in Russia that are inextricably linked with the life and work of another outstanding poet of the 19th century - M. Yu. Lermontov.

First of all, this is the Caucasian resort city of Pyatigorsk. This place played an important role in the life of the poet. Lermontov's first acquaintance with Pyatigorsk happened in childhood - it was here that his grandmother brought him to improve his he alth, because the future poet grew up as a very sickly child. The nature of the Caucasus impressed Lermontov very much. From childhood, he was also gifted in the field of drawing. Many picturesque watercolors came out from under his brush,capturing mountain landscapes.

To this day, hot baths operate in Pyatigorsk, where the poet was treated. His observations of the so-called "water society" are reflected in the story "Princess Mary".

The further service of the young officer is also connected with the Caucasus. Here Lermontov found his death. By chance, a tragedy occurred in Pyatigorsk. Deciding to end his service, he goes to the Caucasus for the last time, renting a small house with his uncle.

Here they linger for treatment on the waters. On July 27, 1841, a deadly duel between Lermontov and his old acquaintance Martynov takes place. Here, near Mount Mashuk, the poet was buried, but after 8 months his ashes were transferred to the family crypt - M. Yu. Lermontov still rests there. Russia has lost another brilliant poet.

It should be said that the memory of the poet is sacredly revered in Pyatigorsk. The place of his last stay, the house where the quarrel with Martynov took place, the place of the duel and the initial burial place of Lermontov are places that guests of the city must visit.

Tarkhany

The Tarkhany Museum-Reserve is another place that is inextricably linked with M. Yu. Lermontov. In this estate he spent his childhood. Here, the life of a noble family of the 19th century is recreated with documentary accuracy.

In addition to the manor's house, the Keykeeper's House and the People's Hut are open to visitors. Also, visitors can honor the memory of the poet in the family vault where he is buried, and in the chapel.

Museum-The reserve leads a very active cultural life: competitions and festivals dedicated to the poet are constantly held. The Lermontov holiday, which takes place here on the first weekend of July, has become traditional.

Museum of N. A. Nekrasov in Chudovo

Many poets and writers of Russia become more understandable if you discover their daily life, and even better - the conditions in which childhood passed. N. A. Nekrasov is no exception in this regard. From the school literature course, we know that it was children's observations of the difficult life of serfs that largely determined the direction of the poet's work.

The N. A. Nekrasov House-Museum is the place where the poet rested his soul from city life, hunted and got inspiration for new works.

It is located in Chudovo and is part of a large complex of the reserve of the same name. It is here that the famous “Chudov cycle”, 11 brilliant poems, was written. As a rule, Nekrasov hunted in these places. Here, the seriously ill poet is finishing his great work - the poem "Who Lives Well in Russia".

At the moment, the house-museum is a hunting house, in which, in addition to the rooms of the poet and his wife, there are a dining room, an office, guest rooms. By the way, there were quite a few of the latter here - many literary figures came here to hunt with Nekrasov: S altykov-Shchedrin and Pleshcheev, Mikhailovsky and Uspensky. The building of the agricultural school is also presented to the attention of visitors.

The House-Museum often holds exhibitions and programs forvisitors of various ages.

Museum of F. I. Tyutchev in Ovstug

Tyutchev's ancestral house-museum belonged to the poet's family long before his birth: in the middle of the 18th century, the poet's grandfather began building an estate on the lands that he received as a dowry after the wedding.

The poet's father, having received inheritance rights, begins to expand the house. Soon a chic estate in the spirit of classicism with a manor house, decorated with columns, with an outbuilding, grows here. Located on the banks of the river, it has its own island with a gazebo. This place becomes for Tyutchev a source of not only vitality, but also inspiration. The poet, glorifying nature in all its diversity, draws pictures from these places - they are so memorable to his soul.

Unfortunately, the estate was not given due attention, and it fell into disrepair, but there is a gradual reconstruction. If initially excursions to these literary places in Russia were limited only to a rural school, now they cover the guest wing, as well as the church. Also, visitors can see a recreated windmill, a gazebo on the island and chic linden alleys.

Peredelkino

Listing the literary places in Russia, we should also mention those that are associated with the activities of writers of the XX century. This is primarily Peredelkino. It is this place that is the focus of the dachas of the entire literary elite of the twentieth century.

The idea of building a village where Russian writers would rest, live and create belonged to M. Gorky. It was he who procured in 1934 this piece of land for these purposes. Behindin a fairly short time, the first 50 houses were rebuilt. Among their tenants were A. Serafimovich, L. Kassil, B. Pasternak, I. Ilf, I. Babel.

Building dachas and many post-war writers: V. Kataev, B. Okudzhava, E. Yevtushenko, B. Akhmadulina. Here, K. Chukovsky writes his beautiful fairy tales for local children.

On the territory of the village there is a House of Creativity of Writers, from the existing museums one can note the houses of B. Pasternak, K. Chukovsky, B. Okudzhava, E. Yevtushenko. Many writers and poets have found their final resting place here.