The emergence of new species of living beings is possible only if the existing ones share their genes with the "newbies". That is, sets of amino acids that are stored in the chromosomes of every living cell. All the genes of all mankind constitute an information bank. It turns out that the gene pool is a set of data that characterizes all human beings of the past, present and future.
Where this information is stored
Chromosomes themselves are found in the nuclei of cells. Each species has an individual set responsible for its functions. Chromosomes direct the processes that occur both in a small single cell and throughout the body. It is better to compare them with a computer, since all the actions that will take place in the cell are already registered in them, as in a computer program. When divided in two, a valuable set is duplicated and goes to each of the new cells. It turns out that every living organism receives information about all creatures of its kind, stored in the genes.
The human gene pool is the totality of genes
There are severalbillion people. Absolutely everyone can boast of their own set of genes. This information is individual and unique. The whole set of data that are contained in the chromosomes of people constitutes the gene pool of mankind. It is divided into groups according to nationality. For example, the gene pool of the Russian nation is the aggregate information about the sets of chromosomes of people of a given ethnic group.
What is the importance of the concept
The gene pool is an opportunity to pass on the traits of an ethnic group to future generations. When the population is reduced, conditions are created for its complete destruction. That is, there is a certain "critical mass" of the gene pool. If people stop giving birth to their own kind, then the ethnic group can disappear from the face of the Earth. This applies to all mankind. Only constant reproduction contributes to the long-term existence of the species as such. The shift of genes during fertilization is responsible for the appearance of new mutations. In order for reproduction to be continuous, there must be enough carriers of genetic information, and they must have genes that allow creatures to reproduce. It turns out that the gene pool is information about the he alth and purity of an ethnic group or humanity as a whole.
The essence of information contained in chromosomes
Genes are generally responsible for the entire human body and not only. Eye or hair color, build and body shape are determined by hereditary information, that is, by the set of chromosomes that a child receives from parents. In addition, he still gets the likelihood of acquiring a particular disease. Now there are disputes about the inheritance of temperament. But the human body is not perfect and often fails. This also applies to the reproductive function. Due to abnormalities, the child may receive a damaged set of chromosomes, which will cause diseases or mutations. He will pass on such a set to his descendants, and this is already a threat to the entire gene pool. Of course, one failure will not destroy humanity. But if these violations become massive, then they threaten the existence of the entire species, since the chain of inheritance of traits is continuous. Science is trying to find ways to fight gene diseases, but so far it remains at the level of fantasy, so maintaining a viable human gene pool is one of the main tasks.
