The most important thing in a person's life is how he perceives this world. Depending on how we treat it, a lot is formed in our behavior both in relation to and in individual awareness of life. The topic of this article will be the problem of defining a worldview. What does this concept mean, and what are its types?
Characterization of worldview
This is the most fundamental problem that philosophy deals with. This science explores, analyzes, studies the attitude of a person to what surrounds him. Not just a bunch of "world", not just a person in isolation from it, from culture, from civilization. Philosophy explores the relationship, relationship, interpenetration of the environment and man.
Albert Camus noticed that the world itself is completely unreasonable and meaningless; he also considered absurd the desire of a person to endow everything around with anthropomorphic features, to call it human. Without a developed integrated approach to life, it is impossible to imagine a full-fledged personality, so the role of worldview in a person's life cannot be overestimated. Understanding this fact will favorably affect the development of the individual.
Roleworldview in human life
In the collection of the once famous Soviet philosopher Georgy Petrovich Shchedrovitsky, it is said that a person today, sadly, does not need thinking as such, we do not use it in the modern world. At first glance, this phrase may seem paradoxical and incomprehensible, not fitting into our habitual way of life, into our idea of ourselves and thinking. But if you think about Shchedrovitsky's statement, you can find a he althy grain in it. A modern person lives in a very stable world, without mentioning, of course, those border points when we are faced with the death of loved ones, diseases, natural disasters, cataclysms. The sun shines overhead with enviable constancy, there is no nuclear war, and every day resembles Groundhog Day, and this is a very familiar situation. Moreover, very well-known key analysts of our time have already thought a lot for us when they decided what to eat, what to buy from clothes, what constitutes an ideal person, relationships between people, love, friendship. It was they who put the idea of the "American dream" into our heads. This is how people learn to sink into a state of constancy.
Modern interpretations
What is the role of worldview in human life? Today's philosophers and psychologists define thinking as a person's ability to solve some logical problems, create others, raise questions that have not yet been raised before them, the ability to find a way out of complex intricate contradictory situations, based onon the "ration", that is, the rational component of your life.
If we analyze our daily existence, then we, unfortunately, in the overwhelming majority will say that it is difficult to participate in such processes, that is, it is not easy for us to solve logical problems. It is much more convenient for many of us to close our eyes to the problem that has arisen, to assure ourselves that everything will go away by itself, you just need to wait or shift the responsibility to others. And all this follows from human perception. What role does worldview play in a person's life?
Are thoughts material?
We remember that thoughts can be brought to life, putting some mystical overtones into it. Yes, they actually have properties to materialize, but everything does not work at the click of a finger.
Depending on how we think, what kind of things we imagine, what exactly we project, in the end our real life is built. So what role does worldview play in a person's life? There are countless answers to this question. However, one of the most popular and well-known definitions today is as follows: “Worldview is a set of the most general ideas of a person about the world, about his place in it, about the possibilities and ways of turning possibilities into reality.”
This interpretation involves an approach to each individual situation individually, depending on the specific situation that creates this or that background for actions. All people have different attitudes to their capabilities and turn them into reality, have different overall ideas aboutabout what is good and what is bad. In philosophy, these concepts are called "About what is and what should be": what is and what should be in reality.
Right to opinion
According to philosophy, worldview plays and should play a huge role in a person's life in the modern world, because all this as a whole helps a person form an opinion. Real, one's own, genuine, original, not subject to any standard stereotyped behavior, saturated with prepared labels, prejudices, standard settings. The phenomenon itself and its structure will be presented below in the article.
Concept, types, levels
What is it really, and what role does worldview play in a person's life? The concept used in the usual way for us was first used by the representative of classical German philosophy, Friedrich Schelling. He suggested that there is such an interesting thing called "view of the world" and that every person has this view.
Today we are talking about the fact that the definition of "worldview" includes several components: firstly, it is a worldview, worldview, this is actually the level of worldview, and worldview. Let's take a closer look.
Attitude
This is the primary stay of a person in this world, the level of comfortable or uncomfortable being in the environment. Features of the worldview are that even in infants who are not yet fullysense by individuals who are not yet socialized, already have the beginnings of a worldview level.
If you watch small children, you can see unusual things. For example, the posture of a child when he sleeps, spreading his arms and legs to the sides. This is a position of complete acceptance of the world, when the child feels safe and comfortable, he feels good and comfortable.
And there is another type of children who live in baby homes abandoned by their parents. These children, who are still far from becoming a person, rarely scream. For one simple reason: because they understand that it is useless for them to shout, because everything in such places happens at strictly defined hours. Thus, already this unformed person takes care that resources are not wasted in vain. He retains his strength and energy.
And such a moment of finding comfort is the level of our emotional sensual state, our moods, experiences, fluid, plastic, changeable emotional states. For the same reason, when we wake up and see a snowy fairy tale, beauty on the street, we feel that something has stirred up inside, joy has appeared. And if it's raining, slushy outside, the condition is very unpleasant, we turn on sad music and fall into melancholy.
The way of life that people lead is not amenable to such a rigid understanding, the development of a worldview.
Perception of the world
A component of our worldview is how we look at the world, relationships, this is the level of reason, common sense,the level of formation of elementary connections between oneself, other people, an individual and others. The level of worldview, as already mentioned, is a set of more general ideas about oneself and a place in this world.
Worldview
This is already a set (system) of concepts that are abstract abstract definitions, that is, the relationship between ideas that exist in the psyche of each person. The peculiarities of the worldview include the fact that it can exist without language means, we have an inner feeling, and we can not express it out loud.
But world understanding is impossible without a language analogue, that is, it is impossible to understand and understand some things without pronouncing them.
Elements of worldview
In the component of the modern worldview, four elements are usually distinguished in the literature. Firstly, this is the cognitive and cognitive aspect, all those practical, elementary, worldly knowledge that each of us acquires throughout our lives. As a rule, it is greatly influenced by such moments as the geographical component (the place of birth of a person), the historical moment (epoch), the emotional background present in the life of absolutely any person, temperament, features of the nervous system, the distinctive features of the environment in which we grow up, character (sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric, melancholic), character accentuation (pedantry, absolute freedom).
This also includes such a phenomenon as norms and values. It is important to consider the rulesreligious, social, value, historical.
Worldview and life values depend not only on the country, era, geography, but also on gender. All this is laid in us almost from the moment we are born. For example, until now, girls and boys are brought up differently, that is, they are taught differently to relate to pain, to another person.
Another component of the formation of a worldview is practice. Without its implementation, this factor does not exist. As Karl Marx once said, "practice is the criterion of truth." That is, we can have different views and ideas about the world, but it is impossible to achieve success without putting them into reality. A worldview that gives us any dividends is considered successful.
Types of worldview
In philosophical literature, two types are distinguished: ordinary and scientific. Today we are talking about the fact that the ordinary worldview has a spontaneous character. This means that we do not make any conscious effort to form a worldview, that is, it is due to the present moment, a momentary fluid situation. It is characterized by methodological omnivorousness, that is, the absorption of different views, susceptibility to the opinions of others without much criticism. Thus, the ordinary view of the world is purely subjective, based on judgments, which in turn tend to be replaced, sometimes even by the opposite.
The scientific view is characterized by the following features: logical consistency (a person has a system that allows him to explain based onon his system, all the events that happen to him, build his life, perform some actions), the systemic nature of consciousness, its structure, independence of thinking. Such a person is difficult to impose someone else's opinion.
Types of worldview
The concept of worldview and its structure can be presented in different ways, but historically the foundations of worldview have developed from three types. The first type is the most basic, the most global, which occurs first. This worldview is mythological. It originates in the realm of legends and legends.
A person who is in the grip of a mythological worldview is not a free person. Like an archaic man, bound in chains of bondage, who was dependent on all natural phenomena and his own tribesmen, because he had no right to his personal opinion. In case of disobedience, he could be subjected to death or ostracism (exile).
Mythological type
Mythology is inherently a fantastic reflection of reality, which at the same time claims to be the status of reality. These are not just fairy tales, legends, parables. This is a person's ability to describe this world.
But why explain the space around us? To stop being afraid of him. Therefore, mythology has an anthropomorphic character, because all the deities representing the elements are endowed with a human appearance. Until now, as before, mythology plays a leading role in the modern world. It is preserved thanks to the same semantic load and charge that were born in primitive society.
The fact is that peopleare accustomed to building a complete picture of the world in their imagination, otherwise they feel uncomfortable in limbo. The crumbs of existing knowledge evoke horror in front of a comprehensive ignorance, so a person has learned to independently transform the space around him.
Religious type
The second type is the type of religious outlook. Scientists associate the emergence of religion with the development of a class society, the emergence of both social and material inequality.
So there was an iron need to get rid of possible social tension, coups, revolutions. Religion easily and conveniently intercepted the relay flag from mythology in order to avoid confusion. Even the term "relegae" itself means "to bind". The religious worldview, the meaning of which is greater progressiveness for society, in this sense bypasses the mythological one. In religion, a person has the right to a certain freedom. This is especially clearly expressed in Christianity through free will: God controls the universe, and we are responsible for our own destiny.
If we compare the deities of Ancient Greece and the Christian ones, we can see that the Greek gods had a clear essence and did not always surpass humans, while the gods in modern religions are supernatural. Despite seeming secularization, beliefs in higher beings are leaving their leading positions, but in the coming years they will definitely cling firmly to the throne of world power.
Philosophical type
The third type of outlook is philosophical. Itcharacterized by the presence of a free critical assessment of oneself, another person, the world, society, one's place in this life.
It is one of the most progressive world views at the moment. After all, it is expressed in the ability to defend one's position, relying solely on the rational aspect, regardless of the sensual awareness of oneself in this world. This is the ability to use "ration", intelligence. The most important thing in the philosophical worldview is the development of one's own opinion, outlook on life. It can be inherent in absolutely any person, not necessarily a philosopher.
Can you change your worldview?
It's no secret that throughout life an adult grows psychologically over himself, acquiring new knowledge and experience. Sometimes completely sharp turns can change a person beyond recognition. It happened that ardent church fanatics became avid atheists, and vice versa. Successful people can leave a multi-million dollar business and travel or live in a village. Worldview is like plasticine, it can be crushed, changed and built through improvement, striving for moral ideals, traveling the world. To know yourself, you need to read a lot of philosophical and psychological literature.
Worldview in the 19th century
After the collapse of the USSR, many people experienced an ideological crisis, which appeared due to the collapse of the hopes and ideals laid down in communist society. Now everything is based on consumption, everyone deserves everything, the concepts of honor, respect, love have faded into the background. Epochconsumers laid the idea in society: "Life - pleasure." This is pure hedonism in all its manifestations. On the other hand, it's not such a bad way to distract people from negative thoughts.
We hope this article has shed light on the concept of worldview and its structure as clearly as possible, because simplicity of presentation is the key to understanding information.
