The standard of living, according to the UN, is the most important guideline for the development of the country and the nation as a whole. Russia has a large territory and is populated by various peoples, so the issue of assessing the standard of living on such a large territorial plane is of particular relevance. The country's leadership has repeatedly raised the issue of improving the quality of life and the population, which has been falling rapidly over the past 10 years. To analyze the standard of living, ratings of Russian cities are compiled by population, etc.
Standard of living
The standard of living is a complex multifaceted characteristic that includes a whole bunch of indicators that characterize the ability to work in comfortable conditions, have a sufficient level of earnings, study or improve qualifications, receive good medical care, live in a comfortable house (apartment), consume the cleanest air and water, develop culturally, and simply exist safely. Of course, the territory of Russia has huge climatic and territorial differences, which very often makes it difficult to change the situation.
Ranking of Russian cities in terms of living standards
Ranking of quality of lifereceived by the specialists of the RIA Rating agency, using only official statistics. Of course, the ratings of Russian cities are more subjective than objective, and you may not believe the results, but these are just dry statistics that you don’t need to lie about. The indicators were taken into account (there are 61 of them, they are combined into ten groups), reflecting the real state of affairs in all social spheres of the regions - from economic development to climate. As a result, the ratings of Russian cities were calculated as an integral of the coefficients of the groups: the level of income of the population, housing, living security, the ecology of the region, the level of economic development and the state of small business, the development of the territory, etc.
The following sources were used in compiling the rating: the Ministry of He alth of Russia, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, regional websites and others.
The TOP-10 cities in Russia in terms of living standards included such well-known cities as Chelyabinsk, Kazan, Samara, St. Petersburg, Rostov-on-Don, but Tver and Moscow fought for the palm. Yes, that's right, it turned out that Tver is not such a simple city as it might seem. One of the few disadvantages of Moscow is the environment, while the lion's share of these pollution comes from car exhaust.
The average salary in these cities is about 61.2 thousand rubles, and in more than 700 cities this figure is almost 2 times lower. What can we say about the rest?! Of course, there are exceptions, for example, the city of Nadym turned out to be the champion inaverage salary - 90, 4 thousand rubles (all thanks to the highly developed gas industry). In total, 1128 cities from 83 subjects of Russia took part.
Ranking of Russian regions by standard of living
Among the regions leading Moscow, Krasnodar Territory, the Republic of Tatarstan, Belgorod, Voronezh and Tyumen. Last year, this also included the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, but it lost ground in a number of indicators. The republics of Buryatia, Ingushetia, Altai, Kalmykia Tyva are lagging behind due to the difficult financial situation. These republics cannot finance themselves with their own budget (about 15-20% of what is needed).
To explain on the fingers how the picture in the country has changed over the past 20-30 years, it is enough to do one very simple operation. It is necessary to correlate wages and the cost of living in the region. At the moment, the average coefficient for Russia is 3.9, but in the 90s it was 4.7. A reasonable question arises: "How so?" There are several explanations for this outrage:
1) The consumer minimum has increased compared to previous years. Now we consume more milk, meat, bread.
2) The price of services has increased in parallel with the growth of their value in the consumer's basket.
3) In certain periods, the increase in prices for goods and services significantly exceeded average inflation.
The rating of Russian cities in terms of living standards is updated annually, so it is possible to trace the dynamics of development. Leaders in the growth of quality of life areIvanovo, Ulyanovsk, Astrakhan, Penza, Ryazan regions and the republics of Mordovia and Mari El. All of them have achieved success in different areas (small business development, infrastructure, public he alth and education, etc.). It is noteworthy that population growth in them averaged 2%.
Ranking of Russian cities by population
Ranking of Russian cities by population for 2014 according to the Federal State Service. statistics has changed slightly. Overall, Russia's population has begun to increase rather than decline for the first time in fifteen years, and currently stands at just over 146 million people. The list of the ranking of Russian cities by population is headed by Moscow and St. Petersburg with 12.1 and 5.2 million people, respectively. Next in descending order are such well-known cities as Novosibirsk, Krasnodar, Ufa, Astrakhan, Perm, Voronezh, Tolyatti and Izhevsk with a population of 1.5 to 1 million people. The average population growth in large cities since 2000 is 8%.
Ranking of Russian cities by federal districts
If you try to consider the ratings of Russian cities in terms of development level in comparison of entire districts, you can immediately see that the Central Federal District is the most balanced. The small remoteness of the regions from the capital affects the rapid growth of their development. The Volga Federal District is growing very steadily.
A little aboutcalculations
Most of the primary sources have already been cited above. The calculations did not take into account the hidden incomes of citizens, which reach 10% or more. The reduced salary was calculated by dividing its value by the subsistence level of the region. The number of unemployed people was taken from employment centers at the end of the year, but, unfortunately, Rosstat does not indicate whether the population belongs to urban or rural areas, therefore the data was adjusted by coefficients.
