. And if earlier, not so long ago, young people were deprived of such opportunities, now many ways and roads are open to them thanks to various areas of youth policy. It is about them, about these areas, as well as what it is - youth policy, and will be discussed further.
Youth policy: what is it about
As you might guess, this is part of an ordinary, "adult" policy, but aimed at young people and designed to work for their goals and interests. These are all kinds of measures aimed at a certain quality of life of young people - more precisely, at acquiring this quality and maintaining its existence.
If, in addition, rely on such an important document as "Fundamentals of State Youth Policy in the Russian Federation until 2025", then you canargue that youth policy should be called a whole complex of the most diverse and various measures and efforts undertaken by the state, which, in cooperation with various citizens and institutions, seeks to increase the potential of young people, and in addition, provides a wide springboard for the self-realization of the younger generation by all acceptable methods. The role of the governing apparatus is reduced to timely informing the right sections of the population about existing or future opportunities, as well as attracting young citizens to the bustling and active life of Russian society.
Who are young people
The phrase "young people" is familiar to everyone. But who should be considered young people? At sixteen, are you already a young man or still a teenager? And at twenty-nine still young or not so much? According to scientists, young people should be considered people from 14-16 years old (the specific figure depends on the specific country, each state sets its own age threshold - but within the general norm) and up to 25-30. That is, at thirty years old, a person can still be classified as young, despite the fact that at this age it is already quite acceptable to become parents. By the way, about parenthood: the definition of the fact when a young person ceases to be such and becomes an adult is also connected with it. Scientists define this period in a person's life as a period of transition from carefree childhood and adolescence to the time of social responsibility. And parenthood, that is, responsibility for the life of another - a small - person, astimes is an indicator of maturity. Although this statement, of course, is debatable, because due to the earlier puberty now, boys and girls begin to live sexually earlier, therefore, they can become parents at eighteen, and even at sixteen.
Another indicator of youth is that they are not able to participate in certain areas of life due to lack of necessary knowledge, experience or other factors; however, in many other areas, young people enjoy special benefits provided by the government.
Why youth?
Young and promising personnel have probably always been valued (only experienced, "shooting sparrows" can compete with them), but why is such close attention directed to young people? Why so much effort is put into working with her? The answer lies in the question itself - the future, including the country, is behind today's young people. This is the category of the population that, after a very short time, will become economically active, so to speak, will move into the main team from the bench. Young people have many advantages: they are creative, mobile, ready for change, able to notice important details, and take initiative. But most importantly, they are young, they have a whole life ahead of them, which means they have the opportunity to make this life worthy, the way they want.
Earlier, in the Soviet period, there was the Komsomol for such work with the young and promising. When the organization ordered to live long,it took someone who was willing to take on such a heavy burden. Such a person was found - or rather, a position was found for him: the position of the Commissioner for Youth Affairs under the President of the USSR. It was created in 1990, and Andrei Sharonov became the first honorary holder of such a post. It was he who stood at the origins of the development of state youth policy in the Russian Federation, it was with his direct participation and under his leadership that organizations such as the State Committee and the Government for Youth Affairs appeared.
Over time, these structures have been somewhat transformed, and at present there is a Federal Agency for Youth Affairs in our country, as well as a similar Department.
Main directions of state youth policy in Russia
Youth policy, as mentioned above, aims to develop youth in various areas, increase the potential of this category of citizens, provide them with opportunities for self-realization. Thus, youth policy has its own types, in other words - directions. There are fifteen such areas of the state youth policy in the Russian Federation, all of them are recorded in the document already mentioned above - "Fundamentals of the state youth policy in the Russian Federation until 2025". Next, we will talk about each of them.
Patriotic direction
Orientation to love for the motherland is one of the key tasks of the state, and therefore it is not surprising that patriotic education belongs to the main areasyouth policy of our country. What is it? First of all, in instilling understanding and awareness of one's responsibility for the fate of one's own country, for its present and future. In addition, speaking about the patriotic education of fourteen and / or thirty-year-old people, one cannot but say about military service or about preparing for this event. The following two features follow from this: young people should actively (or even more actively than before) cooperate with veterans of war and labor, with their existing organizations, and the state is obliged to promote this - as well as the archaeological, historical, local history movement of young people who leave on excavations at the sites of various battles and battles, trying to find information (and not only) about people and events of many years ago.
In addition, the tasks of the state in the implementation of such a direction in the implementation of youth policy as patriotic education are also the preservation of traditional cultures and crafts of various nationalities living in our country, and the creation of friendly relations between young people of different nationalities, religions and similar.
Volunteering
Another direction of the state youth policy is the development of volunteering. Probably everyone knows who a volunteer is - this is a person who takes part in something or engages in some kind of activity on a voluntary basis, in his free time, as a rule, free of charge. Lately this movementis becoming more and more widespread in our country - for example, people help in search of the missing, in caring for the elderly and lonely, in educating and communicating with children from orphanages. And it is not surprising that this direction belongs to one of the main directions of youth policy - after all, it is this type of activity that teaches kindness, compassion, mercy, responsiveness, philanthropy - that is, everything that everyone, including a young person, should have. And therefore, it is with these things that the policy of the state is connected: in addition to organizing all kinds of events in order to attract young people, it is obliged to provide any possible assistance in all volunteer initiatives and projects, support information resources, and promote the implementation of various ideas of volunteers.
Looking abroad
This is not a direction that is called that, but this is its essence: cooperation with foreign representatives and organizations, in other words, international interaction. In the tasks of the senior leadership, the first place is occupied by the encouragement and strengthening of ties between young people of our country and other countries, the acquaintance of Russian youth with the history, culture and traditions of our neighbors. The so-called exchange of experience is also welcome, which just contributes to all of the above - when a Russian student, for example, goes to study abroad for a while, and a student from the host country comes to Russia for the same time. In addition, in order to implement the above tasks, the forces of our and other states regularly carry out all kinds of international events for thiscategories of the population - conferences, meetings, rallies and the like.
Working with public organizations
The next type in the list of the main directions of youth policy in the Russian Federation is interaction with all kinds of public organizations. What is it for? In order to form in the younger generation their own civic position, and an active one at that - after all, this is the basis of regular relations between the state, the existing society and the youth included in it. Such a position is best worked out just the same in such youth public associations, whether it is a union of interests or a community that has gathered for joint activities. In order for the state to provide support to such an organization, it must comply with several specially marked conditions - for example, the number of participants in it should not be less than three thousand people. There are fifteen such unions in our country so far.
He alth
The next direction of youth policy is directly related to a he althy lifestyle that every person should lead. In this direction, in addition to promoting a he althy lifestyle, much attention is paid to strengthening the understanding in the minds of young people about the seriousness of such a disease as HIV and the need for action to prevent it. Various activities are constantly being carried out (and more and more new ones are being developed) to prevent addiction, as well as to promote a he althy lifestyle and make young people want to lead it.
Unfortunately, in our country, the growth rate of infections with the immunodeficiency virus is quite high, which affects the quality of life of the younger generation - which means, more than ever, it is important to ensure that young people understand "what is good and what is bad". Thus, the relevance of this direction in the development of youth policy is extremely high.
Innovation
The purpose of this Russian youth policy course is to unleash the creative potential of young people, encourage their innovative projects, identify the most promising, talented, creative young people who can push the country forward to development. The state strives to support in every possible way not only young inventors, but also scientists, whose activities in the future will allow cooperation with both leading Russian and foreign organizations in various fields.
Business activity
One more activity of youth policy is closely connected with the previous one - entrepreneurship. The efforts of the state are aimed at ensuring that there are as many young entrepreneurs as possible - for this purpose, special educational programs are even being created that should teach newcomers how to do business competently.
The growth of talented and young entrepreneurs should have a significant and, most importantly, positive impact on the economy of the Russian Federation, therefore, the acquisition of successful entrepreneurial skills by a young person can be considered inas one of the main directions of youth policy in the Russian Federation.
Young people in the media
The journalistic brotherhood is a strong union of professionals. It is important that it be replenished with talented young personnel, for this purpose it is simply necessary that there be a so-called youth media of young amateur professionals. However, a real journalist must have many skills and qualities, and first of all, be a man of honor, words and information literate (many "professionals" sin by the absence of this, alas, many "professionals"). Higher authorities in every way welcome and support the creation of youth newspapers, magazines and other media - to the extent that they assist young talents of the pen in internships and / or in employment.
Why the presence of young people in the media is relevant - hardly needs to be explained: the latter have a wide range of opportunities to reach out to literally every inhabitant of the country, to cover all areas and spheres with their all-seeing eye. It is the media, in addition, that plays the main role in the formation of this or that public opinion, in the formation of cultural and generally value attitudes of a citizen. Sometimes they know how to literally subjugate themselves, make them believe unconditionally - which, of course, can be used for bad purposes, for the sake of manipulation. But this is exactly what a real journalist should not be, which again brings us back to what was said earlier in this section.
Socially dangerous
To our great regret, among young people, as among any other category of people, there is noonly prosperous and intelligent guys. There are those whose life in society, to put it mildly, is difficult. The state is called upon to facilitate the process of socialization for them, providing comprehensive support in choosing a future speci alty, employment, etc., helping, including from a psychological point of view. Those young people who fall into the category of "socially dangerous" can be talented and promising by no means less (or even more) than ordinary guys, whose life has turned out somewhat better.
And it is very important to help such young people in time, to reveal their potential, to give them opportunities for realization, not to let them ruin their own destiny. In this regard, in this direction of youth policy, the state faces another task: the need to instill a tolerant attitude towards everyone and everyone - both young people from the category of "socially dangerous" and their "non-dangerous" peers, which is no less important and just as difficult..
Self-government
All kinds of student clubs and other organizations are growing by leaps and bounds year by year. This direction of the youth policy of the Russian Federation has become widespread among young students, and perhaps in many respects it is the idea of self-government that has become so attractive to young people. The state actively contributes to the emergence of such clubs and organizations, since they have a direct benefit for itself. Which? Those people - young people! - who begin to play a significant role in student self-government, who make their way to the leaders,as a rule, smart and ambitious. These guys are able to organize others, captivate, lead - it is in such boys and girls that the country needs. Leaders among the youth will grow, develop, comprehend new things - and will become leaders not of a small community, but, perhaps, of the whole country, going to work in the executive or legislative authorities. In a word, leaders among the talented youth of Russia are very much needed - that is why this course is one of the priority areas in the country's youth policy.
Becoming
An important moment in the life of every young person, which in many ways is a turning point, is the choice of a profession. And here the state is also on the alert: such a direction of youth policy as a career is being implemented. It sees its goal as a consciously made decision by a young person regarding the future path of life. But it must be said right away: the policy of the state here is such that it is necessary to attract more young people to blue-collar jobs. Institutes and universities are overcrowded, there are enough lawyers, accountants, economists for life ahead, but meanwhile there are not enough people with working speci alties - interest in them has faded, they are considered not prestigious. This is the main task of the state within the framework of the implementation of this direction of the state youth policy - to awaken the lost interest in the younger generation, popularize working speci alties and eliminate the shortage of specialists in these areas. In addition, the task of the government is to generate a desire among young people to develop their own business.
Russian nationdiverse but united
The heading of the section looks like a slogan, but it accurately reflects the essence of the next direction - otherwise it can be called in one word: "tolerance". This area of youth policy is dedicated to tolerance, strengthening ties between a huge range of ethnic groups living on the territory of our large country. It is necessary to know and honor the culture and customs of all the peoples of Russia, to respect each person, whether he is Buryat, Khakas or Evenk. It is young people, those who will live in the future, who must preserve all the traditions, the entire history of each people and help to ensure that existing interethnic ties become even stronger.
Also among the tasks of this direction is instilling love for the native language, and the language is correct, literary, "Pushkin's language".
Creativity
This was indirectly discussed earlier, but a separate area of youth policy has been singled out - the development and encouragement of young people to engage in creative activities. This allows you to identify young talents in various fields - whether it be music or dance, painting or poetry, and the like. The government in every possible way promotes the realization of young people, for this purpose organizing all kinds of (including educational) events, creating conditions for creativity, the exchange of experience, and the accumulation of knowledge.
Family
Now more and more often young people are in no hurry to get married, just cohabiting, raising children in such relationships. Others do not bind themselves with any obligations at all - and in this case aboutThe kids don't have to talk at all. So-called free relationships, when no one holds anyone and no one owes anything to anyone, are becoming more and more popular.
This direction of the state youth policy of the country is designed to solve this problem: to show the younger generation how important the family is in life, to instill the necessary family values, a positive attitude towards marriage and the birth of children.
Specialists of state youth policy
To ensure the fulfillment of all requirements and conditions, the proper implementation of all areas of youth policy, professional personnel are needed, and this is precisely what the last subsection of the country's youth policy is devoted to. Its purpose is to assist in the development of human resources and its potential, coordination of the activities of these people and all kinds of assistance to them.
The main directions of the state youth policy in our country were listed above, as well as the question of what they are and to whom they are dedicated.
